Index


Entries in italics refer to titles of standards and specifications.

2-D and 3-D graphics acceleration

alpha blending, 209, 210

double buffers, 206, 210

Entertainment PC 97, 84

frame buffer access, 205

graphics adapter requirements, 205–11

hardware stretching, 203

hidden surface removal, 210

low-resolution modes, 206

Microsoft Direct3D, 199

OpenGL technology, 199

palettized textures, 210

parallelism between controller and rasterizer, 210

programmable blter stride, 207

RGB mode rasterization, 208–9

scan lines, 206

shading and texture mapping, 208–9

transparency effects, 209–10

transparent blter, 206

triangle setup, 211

VGA destination color keying, 207

Workstation PC 97, 66, 67

YUV off-screen surfaces, 203

3-D rendering. See 2-D and 3-D graphics acceleration

4-bit planar VGA mode, 43

7-bit codes for text telephones, 276

12-bit I/O decoding, 33

16-bit I/O decoding, 33, 120, 248

16-bit protected-mode components, 36

32-bit protected-mode components, 36

386- and 486-based computers. See x86-based systems

1284–1994. See IEEE 1284–1994

1394. See IEEE 1394

1394 Plug and Play Design Reference, 104

1394 Power Specification, 104

8024 controllers and devices, 118, 119

8042 chips, 187, 189

16550 UART chips, 167

80486-class systems. See x86-based systems

82365-compatible mode, 150–51


A


ABR (Average Bit Rate), 302

acceleration. See 2-D and 3-D graphics acceleration; OpenGL acceleration

Accessibility Design Guide I, 372

accessibility guidelines

accessibility defined, 352

Basic PC 97 systems, 29

disabilities defined, 351

documentation, 360–61

Entertainment PC 97 systems, 29

in PC design, 16

input components and controls, 357–59

labeling, 360

manipulation and physical design, 355–56

references, 372–74

software guidelines, 349

sound devices, 354

visual displays and indicators, 353

Workstation PC 97 systems, 60

ACE-compliant platforms, 12, 59

ACK (acknowledgement signals) 187, 190, 379

ACPI (Advanced Configuration and Power Interface)

ACPI bus device IDs, 339

ACPI control methods, 25

Advanced Configuration and Power Interface (ACPI) specification, 20

Basic PC 97 and mobile systems, 24–25

defined, 379

description tables, 24

docking stations, 48

Entertainment PC 97 systems, 24–25

feedback address, 53

overview, 17–18

power buttons, 24

power management (see power management)

power management timers, 24

Real-Time Clock alarm, 24

role in Plug and Play issues, 9

Smart Battery support, 25

Status and Enable (STS/EN) bits, 24

system BIOS (see BIOS)

system control interrupts, 24

system sleep states, 24

thermal model and fan control, 25

Windows 95 and Windows NT, 5

Workstation PC 97 systems, 24–25, 60

AC-powered devices, 99–100

AC power supplies, 97

ACT (Audio Compatibility Tests), 243

ActiveMovie. See Microsoft ActiveMovie

active terminators, 139

ActiveX, 74

adaptive connections, 278–80

adding on technologies and capabilities. See extensibility

add-on devices. See also names of add-on device types

defined, xx, 22

general PC 97 requirements, 29–37

multifunction devices, 37

Advanced audio capabilities

Basic PC 97 and mobile systems, 42

Entertainment PC 97 systems, 82

full duplex audio capabilities, 245

line-in and line-out capabilities, 245

MIDI support, 245

PC 97 design requirements, 242, 245–46

stream synchronization, 246

Workstation PC 97 systems, 42

Advanced Configuration and Power Interface. See ACPI (Advanced Configuration and Power Interface)

Advanced Configuration and Power Interface (ACPI) specification, 53

Advanced Power Management (APM), 379

Advanced RISC computing, 12, 59. See also RISC-based systems

agents, 379

AGP (Intel Accelerated Graphics Port), 43, 199

alert lights, 353

alert sounds, 354

alias I/O addressing, 33

allergic reactions to part materials, 356

allocated fields (CardBus), 155

alpha buffers, 209

Alternating Voice and Data (AVD), 281

Alternating Voice or Data (VoiceView) Modem, 282

analog cellular phones, 285–86

analog composite video input connectors, 85, 213

Analog Simultaneous Voice and Data (ASVD), 281

animation support, 210

Annex A, ITU V.25ter, 274, 278

ANSI communications standards, 289

ANSI/SMPTE 12M time code standard, 232

answering machines, 26, 272

APIs

defined, 379

display monitor APIs, 6

ICC color matching, 233, 316, 322

APIs (continued)

Int 13h Extensions API, 134

Microsoft ActiveMovie, 6

Microsoft Direct3D, 6

Microsoft DirectDraw, 6

Microsoft DirectInput, 182, 193

Microsoft DirectSound, 6

SMART IOCTL API specification, 132, 134

telephony APIs, 6

Win32 API, 385

Windows 95 and Windows NT common API set, 5

APM (advanced power management), 379

Application keys, 191

applications. See operating systems; software and utilities

application-specific integrated circuits (ASIC), 379

Applications programming interface. See APIs

arbitration gap counts, 103

arbitrators, 379

ARC (Advanced RISC computing), 12, 59. See also RISC-based systems

ARC Query Config functions, 12

arithmetic stretching, 203, 229

ASCII documentation text files, 360

ASCII text telephones, 276

ASIC (application-specific integrated circuits), 379

assistive technology programs, 374

ASVD (Analog Simultaneous Voice and Data), 281

async-to-sync data conversion, 297

ATA (AT Attachment interchange) 133, 379. See also IDE (Integrated Drive Electronics)

ATA-2 specification, 127, 134

ATA-3 specification, 127

ATA/IDE interface. See IDE (Integrated Drive Electronics)

ATA Packet Interface for CD-ROMs (SFF 8020i), 133, 134

ATAPI (AT Attachment Packet Interface)

ATAPI CD-ROM, 129

BIOS recognition, 128

cabling, 129, 132

checklist, 135–36

defined, 379

design requirements, 131–33

Media Status Notification Specification, 127, 131, 134

overview, 126

references, 134

SFF 8020i compliance, 128, 131, 134

ATAPI RESET command, 132

ATA STANDBY command, 126, 131

AT Attachment interchange, 133, 379. See also IDE (Integrated Drive Electronics)

AT Attachment Packet Interface. See ATAPI (AT Attachment Packet Interface)

AT command set, 274, 297

ATM adapters. See also network communications devices

bridges, 301

buffer chaining, 302

cable sense, 301

checklist, 308–10

device drivers and installation, 305

external clocking, 302

NDIS 4.0 miniport driver, 301

operation and maintenance support, 302

Plug and Play, 303–4

power management issues, 304

receive and send buffers, 301

references, 307

traffic shaping, 302

VPI and VCI ranges, 301

Workstation PC 97 systems, 65

ATM User Network Interface Specification v 3.1, 307

AT-style keyboard ports, 189

AT&T Enhanced Cellular Protocol (ECP), 285

AT+V command set, 277, 284

audible noise requirements, 28–29, 60, 77

audio acceleration, 242

Audio Compatibility Tests (ACT), 243

audio components

accessibility guidelines, 354, 367

audio acceleration, 242

audio and video decode performance, 228

audio clocks, 232

buses and I/O types, 248–49

checklist, 252–53

codec, 246, 380

conflict resolution, 247

consumer electronics devices, 101

device drivers and installation, 250–51

device IDs, 335, 346–47

Digital Audio and Performance Data Transmission Protocol and Connection Management for Electronic Musical Environment, 102

digital-to-analog audio converters, 82

DVD playback requirements, 230

echo cancellation, 245

full duplex operation, 245

input standards, 244

audio components

line-in and line-out capabilities, 244, 245

MIDI playback, 243

output standards, 243, 245

overview, 242

PC 97 systems

Advanced audio capabilities, 42, 82, 242, 245–46

baseline audio capabilities, 242, 243–44

Basic PC 97 and mobile systems, 42, 47

Entertainment PC 97 systems, 82

Workstation PC 97 systems, 64

Plug and Play requirements, 247

power management, 250

pulse-code modulation digital audio, 243

Red Book audio, 384

references, 251

signal-to-noise ratios, 244

sound port icons, 332

synchronized audio and video, 224

Unique IDs, 248

wave audio capture, 232

Win32 Audio Class, 102

AUI transceivers, 296

automated attendant modem features, 272

automatic device configuration. See device configuration

automatic termination circuits, 139, 143

AVC Command set, 101, 102

AVD (Alternating Voice and Data), 281, 282

Average Bit Rate (ABR), 302

Average Frame Rate Achieved property, 228


B


back buffers, 206

background task interference, 231

bandwidth, 10–11, 98

BANDWIDTH_AVAILABLE register, 103

bank-switched frame buffers, 216

BARs (Base Address Registers)

closing BAR windows, 108

graphics adapters, 215

PC Card 16-bit Interface Legacy Mode BAR, 110, 151

random values, 112

baseline audio capabilities, 242, 243–44

basic input/output system. See BIOS

Basic PC 97 requirements

ACPI support, 24–25

audio components, 42, 242, 244, 245–46

boot device BIOS support, 28

bus requirements, 38–39

Basic PC 97 requirements (continued)

checklist, 54–56

CPUs, 23

definition, 4

display monitors, 42–43, 44, 200

general device requirements, 29–37

graphics adapters, 42–44, 198, 199, 200–211

industrial design requirements, 28–29

input components, 28, 40, 182–83

I/O device requirements, 40–42

L2 cache, 24

modems, 272, 273, 277–78

multimedia PC guidelines, 51–52

network communications, 42, 294

OnNow support, 25–26, 27

operating system installation, 41

overview, 22–23

references, 53

serial, parallel, and wireless connections, 40, 41, 164, 183

storage device requirements, 44–45

system memory, 24

system requirements, 23–28

video components, 212–14, 225–26, 229–31, 264

batteries

Battery Voltage Detection bits, 157

Intel/Duracell Smart Battery System Specification, 25, 53

mobile systems, 46

PC Cards with batteries, 157

terminator power, 140

Battery Voltage Detection bits, 157

Baudot text telephones, 276

beep sounds, 354

Bellcore Custom Local Area Signaling Services. See CLASS services

Bellcore Technical References

Bellcore SR-TSV-002275, 284

Bellcore SR-TSV-002476, 280

Bellcore TR-NWT-000030, 280

Bellcore TR-NWT-000031, 284

Bellcore TR-NWT-00426, 284

Bellcore TR-NWT-000575, 284

Bellcore TR-NWT-001188, 284

Bellcore TR-NWT-001401, 280

Bellcore TR-TSY-000219, 283

Bellcore TR-TSY-000571, 284

BOC Notes on the Network, 284

obtaining publications, 289

bilinear filtered textures, 209

binding manuals, 360

BIOS

ATAPI device recognition, 128

BIOS flags, 112

boot device BIOS support, 28

boot support for keyboards, 90, 189

Clarifications to the Plug and Play BIOS Specification v. 1.0a, 123

Compaq, Intel, Phoenix BIOS Boot Specification, 53, 128

device IDs, 340

enumeration (see also enumeration)

ATAPI devices, 131

CardBus controllers, 150–51

Int 13h Extensions, 44, 127

IRQ routing support (PCI), 112

logical block addressing, 128

No Emulation mode, 263

non-Plug and Play operating systems, 39, 120

option ROM usage, 32

PCI interrupt sharing, 112

Plug and Play BIOS device IDs, 340

Plug and Play BIOS Specification v. 1.0a, 123

POST (power-on self test), 27, 384

ROM scans, 123

run-time functions, 32

USB keyboard support, 28, 90

bit-blters, 198

bitmaps (DIBs), 380

blacklisted numbers feature, 286

blindness, 351

block-mode device drivers, 260

block reads, 103

blters

bit-blters, 198

hardware blters (block transfers), 67, 84, 198

programmable blter stride, 207

transparent blters, 206

Blue Book format, 263, 264

Blue Book Specifications for Consumer-Use Digital VCRs Using 6.3mm Magnetic Tape, 101

BNC transceivers, 296

board-unique numbers, 121

BOC Notes on the Network Bellcore document, 284

bong tones, 284

boot devices

boot device BIOS support, 28

ISA card requirements, 122–23

option ROMs, 120

PCI interrupt sharing, 112

boot process

boot drive determination, 132

Compaq, Intel, Phoenix BIOS Boot Specification, 53, 128

ISA Write Data Port addresses, 110

"legacy" boot process, 123

POST (power-on self test), 27

TV vs. VGA output, 212

Boulay terminators, 139

BPBs (BIOS Parameter Blocks), 260

bpp, 202, 206

Braille, 352, 360

bridges

bridge connectors, 109

network adapters, 296

PCI-to-CardBus bridges, 149

PCI-to-ISA bridges, 109

PCI-to-PCI bridges, 111

south bridge multifunction devices, 127

brightness display controls, 353

broadcast satellite subsystems, 83

buffer chaining, 302

buffering, 379

buffer positions, 246

buffers

alpha buffers, 209

back buffers, 206

bank-switched frame buffers, 216

buffer chaining, 302

buffering, 379

buffer positions, 246

buffers defined, 379

DirectDraw access, 205

double buffer support, 206, 210

packed-pixel frame buffers, 202, 215–16, 383

bus enumerators, 379

buses. See also bus mastering; expansion buses and cards; local buses; names of specific bus types

avoiding legacy adapters, 199

bandwidth requirements, 10–11, 98

Basic PC 97 and mobile systems, 38–39, 47

bus enumerators, 379

bus-powered devices, 99–100

choices for extensibility, 10–11

device IDs, 339

EISA buses, 339, 381

Entertainment PC 97 systems, 79

enumeration (see enumeration)

OnNow requirements, 17

PC 97 design, 6, 30

power management support, 17, 26

primary graphics adapter, 43, 66

buses (continued)

reducing bus off-time, 98

Workstation PC 97 systems, 62

bus-manager capabilities, 102–3

bus mastering

ATAPI CD-ROM, 129

bus master privileges, 109

graphics and display requirements, 65

high-performance components, 67

network communications devices, 294

PCI IDE bus master DMA, 129

Programming Interface for Bus Master IDE, 134

SCSI host adapters, 138

storage device requirements, 45, 68, 86, 256

virtual DMA services (VDS), 139

bus parity signals, 142

buttons and controls

accessibility guidelines, 357

buttons on remote controls, 188

byte buffer alignment, 296


C


cable modems. See also network communications devices

basic features, 299–301

bridges, 300

cable sense, 300

checklist, 308–10

developing standards, 301

device drivers and installation, 305

Entertainment PC 97 systems, 82–83

Ethernet network adapters, 300

low-cost solutions, 300

NDIS 4.0 miniport driver, 300

PC 97 systems, 295

Plug and Play, 303–4

power management issues, 304

receive and send buffers, 300

references, 307

transceiver sensing, 300

Workstation PC 97 systems, 65

cable power distribution, 96, 99, 103

Cable Power Distribution model, 99

cable-powered devices, 99–100

cables

cable sense, 296, 297, 300, 301

CSEL support, 129, 132, 262

icons, 331–32

internal terminators, 140

master-slave configuration, 129, 132, 262

Pin 1 orientation, 129, 132

cables (continued)

plugging in incorrectly, 142

SCSI requirements, 139, 142

Cable Select (CSEL), 129, 132, 262

cable sense, 296, 297, 300, 301

cable TV

HSCDS (High Speed Cable Data Services), 299–301

tuner design requirements, 84

cache (L2 cache), 24, 59, 76

calibration utilities for monitors, 233, 316, 322

Call Indication signals, 279

calling-card prompt tones, 284

Calling Identity Delivery on Call Waiting Bellcore document, 284, 289

Calling Name Delivery Generic Requirements Bellcore document, 284, 289

Calling Number Delivery Bellcore document, 284, 289

calling tones, 279, 284

Call Modality Discrimination, 278

Call Modality Discrimination (ITU V.8bis), 280, 289

call mode discrimination signaling, 278–80

Call Waiting Bellcore document, 284, 289

Call Waiting Deluxe Bellcore document, 284, 289

camcorders

bus requirements, 79

connections, 213

Win32 Imaging Class, 101

cameras. See digital cameras

capacitance-based controls, 358

Caption Center, 374

captioning video, 231, 374

capturing video. See video input and capture

CardBus devices

allocated fields, 155

checklist, 160–61

ConfigSpace initialization, 150

configuration space, 155

controllers as multifunction PCI devices, 110

device drivers and installation, 158

device IDs, 340

initializing in 82365-compatible mode, 150–51

mobile systems, 46

PCI interrupts, 150

Plug and Play requirements, 155–57

power management, 157–58

R2 memory windows, 151

references, 159

requirement revisions and updates, 148

CardBus devices (continued)

RESERVED fields, 156

socket controllers, 149

"Yenta" specification, 149

card information structures (CIS), 154

cards. See names of specific card types

card select numbers, 122, 380

card services, 379

casing design, 361–62

CD-Audio format, 263, 264

CD changers, 263

CD-E format, 263

CD Enhanced support, 262

CDFS (compact disc file system), 379

CDMA (Code Division Multiplexed Access), 285, 286

CD-R format, 263

CD-R2 format, 263, 264

CD-ROM devices. See also CDs

accessibility guidelines, 369–70

ATA Packet Interface for CD-ROMs (SFF 8020i), 133, 134

ATAPI CD-ROM, 129 (see also ATAPI)

audio device resource allocation, 247

Basic PC 97 and mobile systems, 41

boot device BIOS support, 28

CD changers, 263

CDFS (compact disc file system), 379

checklist, 267–69

device drivers and installation, 259–60

DVD formats, 264

El Torito - Bootable CD-ROM Format Specification Version 1.0, 53

IDE requirements, 133

inserting and ejecting discs, 355

logical and physical formats, 263

multisession CD-ROMs, 133, 262

PC 97 design requirements, 262–63

Plug and Play requirements, 257–58

power management issues, 258

proprietary adapter device IDs, 346

READ_TOC command, 133

references, 265–66

speed, 262

storage component basic features, 256–57

Workstation PC 97 systems, 64

CDs

ejecting and inserting, 355

Enhanced Music CD Specification, 265

multisession CD-ROMs, 133, 262

cellular data services, 275

cellular phone modem support, 285–86

central processing units. See microprocessors

certification for RF devices, 176

channels

allocation and deallocation, 101

dual channel controllers, 128

CHANNELS_AVAILABLE register, 103

checklists

audio components, 252–53

Basic PC 97 systems, 54–56

Entertainment PC 97 systems, 87–88

graphics adapters, 220–22

IDE and ATAPI, 135–36

IEEE 1394, 105

input components, 195–96

ISA cards and devices, 124

modems, 290–91

network communications devices, 308–10

PC Cards, 160–61

PCI, 113

printers, 319–20

scanners and digital cameras, 328–29

SCSI adapters and peripherals, 144–45

serial, parallel, and wireless devices, 177–79

storage devices, 267–69

USB buses, 93

video components, 238–39

Workstation PC 97 systems, 70–71

Checklists for Implementing Accessibility in Computer Laboratories at Colleges and Universities, 372

CIP Headers, 101

circuit breakers, 140

CIs (Call Indication signals), 279

CIS (card information structures), 154. See also tuples

CISC-based platforms, 12

CISTPL_BAR, 156

CISTPL_CFTABLE_ENTRY, 152, 153

CISTPL_CFTABLE_ENTRY_CB, 156

CISTPL_CONFIG, 152, 153

CISTPL_CONFIG_CB, 156

CISTPL_DEVICE, 152, 153

CISTPL_END, 156

CISTPL_FUNCID, 153, 154, 156

CISTPL_LINKTARGET, 156

CISTPL_MANFID, 153, 154, 156

CISTPL_VERS_1, 152, 153, 156

Clarification to Plug and Play BIOS Specification v. 1.0a, 30, 119, 123

Clarification to Plug and Play ISA Specification v. 1.0a, 30

Class 1 (TIA-578-A) command set, 275

Class Code field (CardBus), 155

Class Code Register (09h), 112

class drivers, 19

classes, 380

CLASS key, 171

ClassName PNP field, 324

CLASS services

blacklisted and delayed number clearing, 286

Caller ID services, 283–84

cellular phone support, 285–86

compound Voice Mode responses, 284

dial string modifiers, 284

distinctive ringing class service, 283

in-band Voice Mode responses, 284

speakerphones, 277

telephone wave device compression methods, 285

closed captioning, 231, 374

closing BAR windows, 108

closing DVD devices, 265

CMP (Connection Management Protocol), 101

codec, 246, 380

Code Division Multiplexed Access (CDMA), 285, 286

cognitive impairments, 351

cold docking, 380

color

color-blind users, 361

color depth, 202, 219

color ordering, 202

color space conversion, 229

designing accessible displays, 352

image color matching, 202

shading and texture mapping, 208–9

VGA destination color keying, 207

color-blind users, 361

color depth (graphics adapters), 202, 219

color index mode rasterization, 208

color monitors. See also display monitors; entertainment monitors

Basic PC 97 and mobile systems, 42–44

Entertainment PC 97 systems, 83–84, 85

Workstation PC 97 systems, 66, 67

color ordering, 202

color space conversion, 229

Command and Status Register protocol (CSR), 100, 101

command protocol requirements (IEEE), 100–102

Command register, 150

command sets. See also ITU communications standards

AT command set, 274, 297

DVD devices, 264

TIA-578-A (Class 1) command set, 275

TIA-602 command set, 274

TIA-695 (AT+V) command set, 277, 284

command sets (continued)

V.25, V.8 and V.8bis call mode signaling, 274, 278–80

V.25ter Annex A commands, 274, 278

Common Isochronous Packet Headers, 101

Common Silicon Guidelines, 155

Communications Device Class, 166, 288

compact disc file system, 379

compact discs, 133, 262, 265, 355

Compaq, Intel, Phoenix BIOS Boot Specification, 53, 134

Compatibility mode

defined, 380

Dual IDE adapters, 127

IEEE 1284 printers, 313

parallel ports and devices, 170

storage components, 259

compatibility tests, xxii, 381

CompatibleIDs

CompatibleID keys, 171, 314

numerical listing, 336–47

obtaining vendor codes, 32, 333

overview, 334–35

Complex Event Detection Reports, 284

component audio, 102

COM ports, 338. See also serial ports and devices

composite video connectors, 213

compound Voice Mode responses, 284

compression

codec, 246, 380

telephone wave device compression methods, 285

computers. See PC 97 design; PCs

Config state (ISA), 122

configuration. See resource configuration

configuration space. See PCI Configuration Space

configuration tuples, 152, 153, 154, 156

configuring resources. See resource configuration

conflict resolution. See resource conflicts

Connection Management Protocol (CMP), 101

connectivity. See network communications devices

connectors

analog composite video connectors, 85, 213

European TV connectors, 213

high-density connectors, 140, 143

icons, 331–32

keyed or shrouded connectors, 34

mobile systems connectors, 46

parallel port connectors, 170

connectors (continued)

PCI docking bridge connectors, 109

preventing incorrect connections, 34

RCA-style composite video connectors, 213

S-Video connectors, 84, 213

Consideration in the Design of Computers and Operating Systems to Increase Their Accessibility to Persons with Disabilities, 372

consumer electronics devices

bus requirements, 79

connectivity, 6

Digital Interface for Consumer Electronic Audio/Video Equipment, 104

IEEE buses, 96, 101

optimizing PC 97 design, 74

SIPC initiative, 7

consumer IR support, 173

consumers. See users

contrast (display controls), 353

contrast (printed manuals), 361

controllers. See also names of controller types

bus mastering, 45, 68, 86

fixed I/O address assignments, 377–78

host controllers, 44, 68

OpenHCI compliance, 91, 96, 97

controls, 188, 353, 357–59

convenience features. See ease of use

coprocessors. See math coprocessors

copy protection, 265

cordless peripherals, 175

core chip sets and PCI IDs, 111

costs of cable modems, 300

CPE (customer's premise equipment), 280

CPE Compatibility Considerations for the Voiceband Data Transmission, 280

CPUs. See microprocessors

CRC (16-bit cycle redundancy check), 153, 154

CSEL (Cable Select), 129, 132, 262

CS (Cable Select) hard disk setting, 262

CSNs (card select numbers), 122, 380

CSRs (Command and Status Register), 100, 101

current limiting in devices, 140

customer's premise equipment (CPE), 280

cycle master capabilities, 102–3

cyclic redundancy check (CRC), 153, 154


D


D3d*.dll, 218

DACs (digital-to-analog audio converters), 82, 243, 245

data modems. See also modems

calling tones, 279

data/fax/voice modems, 82–83

data modems (continued)

speed and protocols, 274

synchronous access, 275

DB15 game ports, 191

DDC2B support

Display Data Channel DDC 2.0, 219

entertainment monitors, 235

graphics adapters, 216

DDC (display data channel), 380

DDI support, 317

DDKs (device driver kits)

DirectX DDK, 219

Infrared Communications for Windows 95 DDK, 176

Microsoft contact information, xxii

Microsoft Device Driver Kits (DDKs for Windows Operating Systems, 20

Win32 Driver Model DDK, 101

Windows 95 DDK, 104, 134, 176

Windows NT DDK, 104, 134, 176

Ddraw.dll, 218

deafness, 351, 354

debugging configuration registers, 111

defect management (DVD), 265

Deferred Procedure Calls (DPC), 19

delayed numbers feature, 286

delayed transactions, 109

depth-cueing operations, 209

DESCRIPTION key, 171

description tables (ACPI), 24

"Designed for Microsoft Windows" program

"Designed for Microsoft Windows 95" logo, 3

"Designed for Microsoft Windows" logo, 3–4

overview of requirements, xv

testing tools for hardware, xxii

Design Guidelines for DirectX, 219

designing PC hardware. See PC 97 design

desktop size (virtual desktop), 219

destination alpha blending, 209

detecting. See sensing

development of PC hardware. See PC 97 design

Device Class Power Management Reference Specification, 176, 194

device command protocols, 96, 100–102

device configuration

audio components, 247

graphics adapters, 214

input components, 184

mobile systems, 48–49

modems, 287

device configuration (continued)

network communications devices, 303

PC 97 Plug and Play requirements, 30

port replicator requirements, 50

serial, parallel, and wireless devices, 165, 167–68, 169, 174

storage components, 257–58

video components, 226

Device Configuration ROMs, 99, 101

device driver kits. See DDKs (device driver kits)

device drivers. See also minidrivers; miniports and miniport drivers; VxDs (device drivers); WDM (Win32 Driver Model)

audio components, 250–51

block-mode device drivers, 260

built-in drivers, 5

DirectSound driver, 242

game control ports and peripherals, 193

graphics adapters, 218

input components, 186

installation requirements, 36

interrupt sharing services, 121

message support, 36, 167, 228, 259, 289

Microsoft Device Driver Kits (DDKs), xxii, 20 (see also DDKs)

Microsoft Windows Driver Library, xxii

minidrivers. See miniports and miniport drivers; minidrivers

modems, 288–89

network adapter detecting, 306

network communications devices, 305

OnNow requirements, 17

PC 97 design requirements, 29, 35–36

PC Cards, 158

Plug and Play IRPs, 36

printer device drivers, 315–18

scanner and digital camera requirements, 326–27

serial, parallel, and wireless devices, 166

storage components, 259

testing, 35

Unidriver, 318

Unimodem, 83, 272, 278, 288, 385

USB Human Input Device driver, 186

USB support, 90

video components, 227–28

virtual device drivers (VDDs), 11

VxDs (device drivers) (see VxDs)

WDM (Win32 Driver Model) (see WDM)

Device IDs. See also IDs

audio components, 247

Basic PC 97 systems, 31

CardBus cards, 155

Device IDs (continued)

defined, 380

Entertainment PC 97 systems, 31

graphics adapters, 214

IDE devices, 130

input components, 184

mobile systems, 31

modems, 286

multifunction devices, 37

network communications devices, 303

numerical listing, 336–47

overview, 334–35

parallel port device ID requirements, 171

PCI device identifiers, 110–13

PNP suffix, 122, 334

registering device IDs, 10

registering vendor IDs, 33

required information, 10

scanner and digital camera requirements, 325

SCSI device identifiers, 140

serial, parallel, and wireless devices, 165

storage components, 257

video components, 226

Workstation PC 97 systems, 31

device-independent bitmaps, 380

device information tuples, 152, 153

device interrupts. See interrupt signals

Device Manager, 35

device nodes, 380

devices. See also add-on devices; device drivers; device IDs; legacy ports and peripherals; system devices; names of specific device types

automatic resource assignment, 141

connecting incorrectly, 34

definitions, 22, 380

differential devices, 139

dynamic detection, 381

dynamic disable capabilities, 35, 48–49, 50

electrical isolation requirements, 97

enumeration, 111 (see also enumeration)

general PC 97 requirements, 29–37

hardware compatibility tests, xxii, 13, 381

IEEE 1394 high-bandwidth support, 98

installation and configuration, 34–35

legacy devices (see legacy ports and peripherals)

limiting current, 140

master and slave devices, 129, 132, 262

multifunction devices, 37

OnNow requirements, 16, 17

primary input and output devices, 122

self- and cable-powered devices, 99–100

DEVMODE structure, 316

devnodes, 380

diagnostic utilities. See software and utilities

dial string modifiers, 284

DIBs, 380

difficulty in PC usage. See ease of use

DIFFSENS, 139

Digital Alpha systems. See RISC-based systems

Digital Audio and Performance Data Transmission Protocol and Connection Management for Electronic Musical Environment, 102

digital broadcast satellite subsystems, 83

digital cameras

checklist, 328–29

device drivers and installation, 326–27

ICC color matching, 322

IEEE 1394 requirements, 324

overview, 322

parallel requirements, 324–25

Plug and Play requirements, 325

port labels and icons, 322

power management, 326

references, 327

SCSI requirements, 323

serial requirements, 324

USB requirements, 323

Win32 Imaging Class, 101

digital cellular data services, 275

digital cellular phones, 285–86

digital game ports or joysticks, 191

digital image input devices, 6. See also digital cameras; scanners

Digital Interface for Consumer Electronic Audio/Video Equipment, 104

digital signal processors (DSPs), 380

Digital Simultaneous Voice and Data (DSVD), 273, 279, 281

Digital Simultaneous Voice/Data (V.70-series) recommendations, 273

digital-to-analog audio converters, 82, 243, 245

Digital VCR, 101

digital video. See DVD devices and playback

digital voice/data modems, 275

digitizers, 63

DIP switches, 35

Direct3D. See Microsoft Direct3D

DirectDraw. See Microsoft DirectDraw

direct frame buffer access, 205

DirectInput, 82, 182, 192, 193, 194

direct memory access. See DMA (direct memory access)

DirectSound, 6, 242

DirectX, 74, 158, 199, 219, 251

DirectX DDK, 219, 251

disabilities, 351. See also accessibility guidelines

disabling devices

dynamic disable capabilities, 35

mobile systems, 48–49

Plug and Play requirements, 30

port replicators, 50

disabling VGA resources, 205

disk drives. See FDC (floppy disk drive controllers); floppy disk drives and controllers

diskettes, 355

disk I/O controllers, 338, 380

display adapters. See also display monitors; graphics adapters

DDC, 380

device IDs, 338–39

RAMDAC, 202, 384

Display Data Channel DDC 2.0, 219

Display Data Channels

DDC2B (see DDC2B support)

DDC, 380

Display Device Class, 217, 227

display monitors. See also entertainment monitors; graphics adapters; video components

accessibility guidelines, 353, 365–66

APIs, 6

Basic PC 97 and mobile systems, 42–44, 47

calibration utilities, 233, 316, 322

contrast and brightness controls, 353

DDC2B support, 43, 202, 225, 234

DDC, 380

default VGA mode, 43, 66, 84

desktop display monitors, 233–34

display adapter device IDs, 338–39

dot pitch limits, 236

entertainment monitors, 85, 211, 234–36

Entertainment PC 97 systems, 83–84, 224

ergonomic timings rate (scan rates), 201, 234

glare, 353

high-performance components, 65

ICC color matching, 233

icons, 331

multiple monitor support, 43, 66, 84, 204–5, 353

Plug and Play requirements, 214–16

position adjustment, 353

refresh rates, 201, 218, 230, 235, 353

resolution, 42, 66, 67, 83, 201

VGA or SVGA monitor sensing, 202

Workstation PC 97 systems, 66

display RAM

Basic PC 97 and mobile systems, 42

Entertainment PC 97 systems, 42

high-performance components, 65

requirements, 201

Workstation PC 97 systems, 66

Distinctive Ringing/Call Waiting Bellcore document, 283, 289

distinctive ringing class service, 283

DLE-shielded in-band commands, 277

DLLs (dynamic link libraries), 380

DMA (direct memory access)

defined, 380

device IDs, 336

DMA channels

legacy disk drives, 261

modems, 287

network communications devices, 303

parallel ports and devices, 169

Type F DMA, 248

DMA controllers

fixed resources, 30

ISA devices, 118

static resources, 119

DMA page registers, 30, 119

legacy ISA DMA assignments, 376

PCI IDE bus master DMA, 129

RISC- and x86-based systems, 12

SCSI requirements, 141

VDS (virtual DMA services), 139

docking, 380

docking stations. See also mobile systems

ACPI, 48

automatic configuration and dynamic disable capability, 48–49

defined, 381

fail-safe docking, 49

icons, 332

mobile systems, 48–49

PCI docking, 109

port replicator requirements, 50

WHQL testing, 48

documentation, 360–61, 373

Dolby AC-3 audio, 230

Dolby ProLogic-encoded stereo, 230

dongles, 381

dot pitch limits, 236

double-buffer swaps (2-D acceleration), 206

doubling (pixel replication), 203

DPCs (Deferred Procedure Calls), 19

drawing tablets, 63

drivers. See device drivers; minidrivers; miniports and miniport drivers

dropped DVD frames, 230

.DRV files, 218

DSPs (digital signal processors), 380

DSVD (Digital Simultaneous Voice and Data), 279, 281

DTE-DCE commands, 284

DTMF (Dual Tone MultiFrequency) devices

DTMF bursts, 279

TDD devices, 276

Dtpl.exe, 159

dual asynchronous channels, 128

dual IDE adapters, 127, 128

Dual Tone MultiFrequency devices (DTMF), 276

duplicated DVD frames, 230

DVCR data, 101

DVC standard definition, 98

DVD devices and playback. See also video components

audio requirements, 230

background task interference, 231

Basic PC 97 and mobile systems, 44

checklist, 267–69

closing devices, 265

command sets, 264

copy protection, 265

defect management, 265

device drivers and installation, 259–60

dropped or duplicated frames, 230

DVD Alliance specification, 265

DVD data format audio/video decoding, 229

DVD-Video playback, 225, 229–31

Entertainment PC 97 systems, 85

expansion bus speeds, 264

file systems, 265

IDE requirements, 133

independent audio/video streams, 230

PC 97 design requirements, 6, 264–65

Plug and Play requirements, 257–58

power management issues, 258

references, 265–66

storage component basic features, 256–57

subpicture compositing, 231

supported media formats, 264

synchronized audio and video, 230

video component requirements, 225, 229

WDM minidrivers, 230

Workstation PC 97 systems, 68

DVD-ROM drives, 86, 225, 229–31

DVD-ROM format, 264

DVD-Video playback capabilities, 225, 229–31

dynamic detection, 381

dynamic disable capabilities, 30, 35, 48–49, 50

dynamic-link libraries, 380

dynamic resource configuration. See resource configuration


E


ease of use. See also accessibility guidelines

designing PCs, 16

device installation and configuration, 34–35

evolving PC hardware, 2

PC Cards, 158

preventing incorrect device connections, 34

sealed case PCs, 8–9, 77

SIPC initiative, 7–9

Eastman Kodak Color Management Group, 318

echo cancellation

IR devices, 173

microphones, 245

echo canceller taps (speakerphones), 277

ECP (AT&T Enhanced Cellular Protocol), 285

ECPs (extended capabilities ports)

defined, 381

device IDs, 337

ECP mode, 170, 313

ECP protocols, 170

EDID (Extended Display Identification Data) structure, 43, 225, 235

EDT (European Deaf Telephone), 276

EISA buses, 339, 381

EISA IDs. See device IDs

ejecting removable media, 126, 355

electrical isolation requirements, 97

electromagnetic fields, 356

electronic program guide software, 84

El Torito - Bootable CD-ROM Format Specification Version 1.0, 53

EMI interference, 175

Energy Star program, 381

engineering system components, 66

Enhanced Music CD Specification v. 1.0, 265

Enhanced Parallel Ports (EPP), 170

entertainment monitors. See also display monitors

DDC2B support, 235

dot pitch limits, 236

Entertainment PC 97 systems, 85, 224

geometry control, 235

ICC color matching, 235

refresh rates, 235

video component requirements, 234–36

Entertainment PC 97 requirements

ACPI support, 24–25, 76

audio, 80–83, 242, 244, 245–46

boot device BIOS support, 28, 76

bus requirements, 47, 79–80

checklist, 87–88

CPUs, 76

definition, 4

Entertainment PC 97 requirements (continued)

display monitors

DDC2B support, 85, 235

display adapters, 83–84

entertainment monitors, 234–36

multiple adapters or monitors, 200

resolution, 201

VGA mode driver compatibility, 200

general device requirements, 29–37, 78

graphics adapters, 84, 198, 199, 200–211

industrial design requirements, 77

input components, 28, 76, 80–83, 182–83

I/O device requirements, 80–83

key design issues, 75

L2 cache, 76

modems, 82–83, 273, 277–78

Multimedia PC guidelines, 51–52

network communications, 294, 295

OnNow support, 25–26, 27, 76

operating system installation, 82

overview, 74–76

references, 86

serial, parallel, and wireless connections, 82, 164, 183

storage device requirements, 85–86

system memory, 24, 76

video components

cable TV tuners, 84

digital broadcast satellite subsystems, 83

DVD playback requirements, 85, 86, 229–31, 264

hardware stretching, 229

input and capture, 85

MPEG-1 playback, 84

NTSC/PAL support, 84, 200

TV output, 211, 212–14

video component requirements, 224, 225–26

enumeration

ATAPI devices, 131

CardBus controllers in legacy mode, 150

defined, 381

device IDs, 31

enumerators, 381

MPEG device enumeration, 227

PCI enumerator (Pci.vxd), 151

registers in configuration space headers, 111

EPA Energy Star program, 381

EPG software (electronic program guide), 84

epilepsy and seizure disorders, 351, 353

EPP support, 170

ergonomic timings rate (scan rates), 201, 234

error notification (printers), 314, 316Ethernet network adapters, 299, 300

European Deaf Telephone (EDT), 276

European TV connectors, 213

events (in-band responses), 284

evolution of PC hardware, 2–3

ExCA (Exchangeable Card Architecture)

ExCA base-register set, 149

ExCA-compatible socket controllers, 149–51

programming model, 110

execution priorities in WDM, 19

expansion buses and cards. See also add-on devices; ISA buses and devices; PCI; PCMCIA; USB (universal serial buses)

bus master privileges, 109

defined, 381

device IDs, 31

DVD speed requirements, 264

EISA buses, 339, 381

high speed buses, 38, 47, 62, 80

icons, 332

port replicator requirements, 50

expansion capabilities. See extensibility

expansion headers (Plug and Play), 32

expansion ROM. See option ROMs

expansion slots

Basic PC 97 systems, 28

Entertainment PC 97 systems, 77

mobile systems, 46

Workstation PC 97 systems, 60

Extended BIOS Parameter Blocks, 260

Extended Capability Ports (ECP)

defined, 381

device IDs, 337

ECP mode, 170, 313

ECP protocols, 170

Extended Display Identification Data (EDID), 43, 225, 235

Extended Display Identification Data Standard 2.0, 237

Extended Industry Standard Architecture (EISA), 339, 381

Extended System Configuration Data Specification, 30

extensibility

bus choices, 10–11

designing PCs, 16

ease of use issues, 7

expansion slots, 28, 46, 60, 77

Plug and Play, 9–11

external clocking, 302

external ISDN adapters, 297


F


Facsimile Digital Interfaces - Voice Control Standard for Asynchronous DCE, 280

fail-safe docking, 49

fans, 25, 26

Fast Incremental Reset Protocol, 104

fast IR devices, 172

fast PIO modes, 129

FAT32 partition types, 260

fax modems. See also modems

calling tones, 279

Entertainment PC 97 systems, 82–83

Facsimile Digital Interfaces - Voice Control Standard for Asynchronous DCE, 280

requirements, 275

FCP (Function Control Protocol), 101

FDC (floppy disk drive controllers). See also floppy disk drives and controllers

Basic PC 97 and mobile systems, 45

conflict resolution, 261

defined, 381

device IDs, 338

disabling conflicting devices, 261

Entertainment PC 97 systems, 45

as ISA devices, 118

PC 97 design requirements, 260–61

resource allocation, 261

Workstation PC 97 systems, 45

feedback from controls, 358

FIFO, 128, 381

files and file names

device driver requirements, 36

file name requirements, 36

INI files, 35

online Help files, 306, 361

PC 97 online files, xviii

file systems, 265

FilterKeys feature, 359

filter taps (speakerphones), 277

firewire. See IEEE 1394

first in, first out processing (FIFO), 128, 381

fixed DMA channels, 376

fixed ISA interrupts, 376

fixed resources, 30, 185

fixed strides, 207

flat shading, 208

flicker filters, 212

flicker rates, 353. See also refresh rates

flight yokes. See joysticks and steering devices

floppy disk drives and controllers

accessibility guidelines, 355, 368–69

Basic PC 97 and mobile systems, 41, 45

checklist, 267–69

floppy disk drives and controllers (continued)

conflict resolution, 261

device drivers and installation, 259–60

device IDs, 338

disk I/O controllers, 380

dynamic disable capabilities, 261

floppy disk controllers (FDC), 381

IDE requirements, 133

as ISA devices, 118

legacy disk drives, 260

PC 97 design requirements, 260–61

Plug and Play requirements, 257–58

power management issues, 258

references, 265–66

resource allocation, 261

storage component basic features, 256–57

floptical drives, 133

FM synthesis register, 249

fog coloring operations, 209

force root note assignment protocol, 103

foreground tasks, 231

frame buffers

bank-switched frame buffers, 216

DirectDraw access, 205

double buffer support, 206, 210

packed-pixel frame buffers, 202, 215–16, 383

full duplex audio capabilities, 245

Function Control Protocol (FCP), 101

function identifier tuples (CISTPL_FUNCID), 153, 154

function selection (remote controls), 81

function tuples, 156

fuses, 140

future development of PC hardware, 2–3


G


game control ports and peripherals

audio device resource allocation, 247

device drivers, 193

device IDs, 347

DirectInput support, 193

icons, 332

installation, 193

I/O addresses, 192

IRQs, 192

MIDI ports, 193

multifunction cards, 193

PC 97 design requirements, 183, 192–93

USB ports, 192

Game Developers Kit for Windows 95, 242

game pad devices

connection requirements, 79, 183

Entertainment PC 97 systems, 81

game pad devices (continued)

PC 97 design requirements, 191

USB ports, 191

games, designing PCs for, 74

gamma correction, 202

Gdi.exe, 218

General Input Device Emulating Interface, 372

generalized trilinear MIP-mapped textures, 209

genlock capabilities, 232

geometry control (monitors), 235

GetIRQRouting function, 150

GET MEDIA STATUS command, 126

ghost cards, 108

glare (display monitors), 353

Global Unique IDs (GUID), 99, 103

Gouraud shading, 208

graphics adapters. See also display monitors; video components; video playback and output

2-D and 3-D hardware acceleration, 67, 84, 205–11

ActiveMovie support, 199

arithmetic stretching, 203

basic features, 200–203

Basic PC 97 and mobile systems, 42–44, 47

bus adapters, 199

checklist, 220–22

color depth, 202

conflict resolution, 214

DDC2B support, 202

device drivers and installation, 217–18

device IDs, 214, 338–39

Direct3D support, 199

DirectDraw support, 198

Entertainment PC 97 systems, 83–84

ergonomic timings rate (scan rates), 201

extended resources, 215

high-performance components, 65

image color matching, 202

minimum resolution, 201

multiple adapters and monitors, 200, 204–5

NTSC or PAL output, 200

off-screen surfaces, 203

OpenGL, 67, 199, 208

overview, 198–99

packed-pixel frame buffers, 215–16

PCI base address registers, 215

Plug and Play requirements, 214–16

power management issues, 217

primary graphics adapters, 43, 66

references, 219

relocatable registers, 201

system requirements, 199–200

TV output, 211–14

VGA mode driver compatibility, 200

Workstation PC 97 systems, 66

green wire, 97

ground fault potential between devices, 97

GSM 7.05 and 7.07 standards, 286

GSM digital cellular system, 285

GUIDs, 99, 103


H


H.324, 279, 281. See also ITU communications standards

HAL (hardware abstraction layer), 12

handicaps and disabilities, 351. See also accessibility guidelines

hard disk drives and controllers

Basic PC 97 and mobile systems, 44–45

checklist, 267–69

device drivers and installation, 259–60

device IDs, 338

dynamic disable capabilities, 258

Entertainment PC 97 systems, 85

logical block addressing, 128

M, S, and CS settings, 262

Plug and Play requirements, 257–58

power management issues, 258

references, 265–66

spin up and spin down, 142, 262, 384

storage component requirements, 256–57, 261–62

Workstation PC 97 systems, 68

hardware. See PC 97 design; PCs; names of specific devices

hardware abstraction layer (HAL), 12

hardware acceleration. See 2-D and 3-D graphics acceleration; audio acceleration

hardware arithmetic stretching, 203, 229

hardware blters (block transfers), 67, 84, 198

hardware classes, 380

hardware compatibility tests, xxii, 13, 381

hardware manufacturers

Microsoft contact information, xxii

OEMs, 383

OEM splash screens, 27

hardware overlays, 67, 84, 198

hardware testing tools, xxii

hardware trees

defined, 381

device nodes, 380

Hayes modem compatibility, 274

HCL (Windows Hardware Compatibility List), xxii

HCT (hardware compatibility tests), 381

HDC (disk I/O controllers), 380

HD DVCR data, 101

HDLC framing, 275, 297

headgear for virtual reality. See joysticks and steering devices

headphones

accessibility guidelines, 354, 367

cordless RF devices, 175

port icons, 332

hearing aids and RF fields, 356

hearing impairments, 351, 354

Help files, 306, 361

HFC cable networks, 299

hidden surface removal, 210

HID minidrivers, 192

high-capacity drives, 127

High Definition (HD) DVCR data, 101

high-density connectors, 140, 143

high-precision input devices, 63

high-resolution TV, 74

High Speed Cable Data Services, 299–301, 307

High-Speed Cable Data Service (HSCDS) RFP, 307

high-speed expansion ports. See CardBus devices; IEEE 1394; PCI

high-speed printer data transfers, 312

hook-switch telset state, 280

host controllers, 44, 68. See also controllers; OpenHCI controller implementation standard

host memory, 103

hot docking, 382

hot plugging, 33

HSCDS (High Speed Cable Data Services), 299–301, 307

Human Input Device Class, 102

hybrid fiber-coax cable networks, 299


I


IBM Personal System/2 Common Interfaces, 194

IBM Personal System/2 Mouse Technical Reference, 194

IBM PowerPC Architecture. See RISC-based systems

ICC color matching

desktop monitors, 233

entertainment monitors, 235

graphics adapter support, 202

mobile systems, 47

printers, 316

scanners and digital cameras, 322

ICC Profile Format Specification, 318, 327

icons

controls, 360

device connections, 34, 331–32, 360

mobile systems connectors, 46

scanner or digital camera ports, 322

icons (continued)

SCSI icons, 139

USB buses, 91

IDE (Integrated Drive Electronics). See also ATA (AT Attachment interchange)

32-bit PIO adapters, 129

ATA-2 specification, 127

cabling, 129, 132

CD-ROM devices, 133

checklist, 135–36

defined, 382

device IDs, 338

dual IDE adapters, 127–28

DVD peripherals, 133

dynamic resource configuration, 130

floppy disk drive requirements, 133

hard drives, 262

high-capacity drive support, 128

logical block addressing, 128

master-slave configuration, 129, 262

Native mode, 127

non-standard IDE hardware, 128

overview, 126

PCI IDE bus mastering, 127

Plug and Play requirements, 130

power management, 131

references, 134

requirements, 127–29

SMART commands, 132

storage device requirements, 68

IDE and SCSI Interface Specifications, 266

identifiers. See IDs

IDs

CompatibleIDs, 334–47

device IDs

allocated fields, 155

Logical Device IDs, 122

multifunction devices, 37

numerical listing, 336–47

overview, 334–35

PC 97 design requirements, 31

registering device IDs, 10, 33

required device ID information, 10

Global Unique IDs (GUID), 99, 103

ISA board-unique numbers, 121

Node IDs, 103

PNP suffix, 122, 334

Product IDs, 39, 121

Revision IDs, 155

Serial IDs, 122

serial number fields, 121

SubSystem IDs, 111, 130, 156

SubSystem Vendor IDs, 111, 130, 156

tuples, 152–54

IDs (continued)

Unique IDs, 248

Vendor IDs, 39, 121, 155

IEEE 802.14, 300

IEEE 1212 standards

IEEE 1212–1991 Control Status Register Format, 97

IEEE 1212 Control and Status Register Format Specification, 10

IEEE 1284–1994

ECP protocols, 170

parallel port device ID requirements, 171

port connector compliance, 170

printers, 313–14

IEEE 1394. See also IEEE 1394 standards

audio components, 249

bus-manager capabilities, 102–3

Cable Power Distribution model, 99

checklist, 105

consumer electronics devices, 101

defined, 6

design issues, 96

device command protocol requirements, 100–102

Entertainment PC 97 systems, 79

high-bandwidth support, 98

host controller requirements, 102–3

host memory, 103

OpenHCI compliance, 97

overview, 96

peak data rates, 98

PHY layer protocol, 98

Plug and Play requirements, 99

power management, 99–100

printers, 312

references, 104

required device identifier information, 10

role in extensibility issues, 9

scanners and digital cameras, 324

SCSI-3 protocol support, 102

Win32 Audio Class, 102

Win32 Imaging Class, 101

IEEE 1394 standards

1394 Plug and Play Design Reference, 104

1394 Power Specification, 100, 104

IEEE 1394–1995, 97

IEEE 1394 Standards, 104

IHVs (independent hardware vendors), 382

illiteracy and computer accessibility, 351

IMA ADPCM, 278

Image Class device requirements, 323

Image Color Matching. See ICC color matching

image quality (video), 224

imaging devices. See camcorders; digital cameras; printers; scanners

iManufacturer and iProduct strings, 323

impairments and disabilities, 351. See also accessibility guidelines

IMTC (International Multimedia Telecommunications Consortium), 281

in-band messages (modems), 275

in-band Voice Mode responses, 284

independent audio/video streams, 230

independent hardware vendors (IHVs), 382

indicator lights

LED indicators, 353

safe undocking lights, 49

visual cues for warning sounds, 354

warning lights, 353

Industry Standard Architecture. See ISA buses and devices

INF files

defined, 382

manufacturer-provided files, 36

multifunction adapters, 335

printers, 315

Infrared Communications for Windows 95 DDK, 176

Infrared Data Association. See IrDA (Infrared Data Association)

infrared (IR) support. See IR (infrared) devices

INI files, 35

Initial Program Load (IPL), 28, 122, 382

input components. See also game pad devices; joysticks and steering devices; keyboard ports and peripherals; pointing device ports and peripherals

accessibility guidelines, 352, 357–59, 363–65

checklist, 195–96

conflict resolution, 184–85

connection requirements, 182–83

device drivers and installation, 186

General Input Device Emulating Interface, 372

Human Input Device Class, 102

movement impairments, 351

overview, 182

Plug and Play requirements, 184–85

power management, 185

primary input devices, 122

references, 194

system requirements, 182–83

input guards, 359

input speed (IR devices), 173

inserting removable media, 355

installation

device drivers, 36

ease of installation, 34–35

multifunction card minidrivers, 193

multiple ISA cards, 39

operating system installation, 41, 64, 82

printer device drivers, 315–18

Int 13h Extensions

Basic PC 97 and mobile systems, 44

Int 13h partition types, 260

option ROM support, 126, 127, 256

SCSI host adapter support, 138

Workstation PC 97 systems, 44, 68

Int 13h Extensions API, 134

Integrated Device Electronics. See ATA (AT Attachment interchange); IDE (Integrated Drive Electronics)

integrated devices, 382. See also names of specific devices

Intel 80486-class systems. See x86-based systems

Intel 82365-compatible mode, 150–51

Intel Accelerated Graphics Port, 43, 199

Intel/Duracell Smart Battery System Specification, 25, 53

Intel PCIC compatible controllers, 150

interactive voice response (IVR), 272

Internal clocking, 302

internal ISDN adapters, 297

internal terminators, 140, 142

International Color Consortium (ICC), 233

International Multimedia Telecommunications Consortium, 281

Internet communication support, 74

interpolation (graphics adapters), 203

interrupt controllers

device IDs, 336

fixed resources, 30

as ISA devices, 118

static resources, 119

Interrupt Line Register, 113, 150, 151, 155

interrupt request lines. See IRQs

interrupt signals

enhancing system response, 19

ISA cards and devices, 121

primary boot interrupts, 120

interrupts. See interrupt signals

I/O addresses

3F7h and 377h, 258

12-bit I/O decoding, 33

16-bit I/O decoding, 33, 120, 248

fixed resources, 118

IDE resource configuration, 130

I/O addresses (continued)

I/O defined, 382

ISA auto-configuration registers, 33

ISA-compatible addresses, 37

legacy I/O assignments, 375–78

PCI interrupt sharing, 112

phantom or alias addressing, 33

PIO (Programmed Input/Output), 127–28

I/O devices

audio components, 248

Basic PC 97 and mobile systems, 40–42, 47

Entertainment PC 97 systems, 80

game control ports and peripherals, 192

graphics adapters, 215

high-performance components, 63

IR (infrared) devices, 174

legacy disk drives, 261

modems, 287

network communications devices, 303

parallel ports and devices, 169

SCSI requirements, 141

serial ports, 168

Workstation PC 97 systems, 63

I/O port dongles, 381

I/O request packets (IRP). See IRP (I/O request packets)

IPL (initial program load), 28, 122, 382

IPX/SPX protocol, 306

IrDA (Infrared Data Association)

defined, 382

device IDs, 338

Infrared Data Association Serial Infrared (SIR) Physical Layer Specification, 176

IrDA and consumer IR support, 173

keyboard ports and peripherals, 190

miniport drivers, 173

pointing device compliance, 187

support, 173

IR (infrared) devices

automatic device configuration, 174

echo cancellation, 173

Entertainment PC 97 systems, 81

Infrared Communications for Windows 95 DDK, 176

input speed, 173

IR remote control devices, 81–82, 174, 183, 188

keyboard ports and peripherals, 190

NDIS 4.0 IrDA miniport drivers, 173

PC 97 requirements, 172–75

pointing devices, 187

resource allocation, 174

SIR (serial infrared) specification, 176

unicast packet filtering, 174

IRP (I/O request packets)

defined, 382

device driver IRP support, 36

IRQ Routing Register bits, 149

IRQs. See also interrupt controllers; interrupt signals; IRQ sharing; PICs (programmable interrupts)

audio components, 248

available in WDM, 19

configuring, 113

defined, 382

fixed ISA interrupts, 376

game control ports and peripherals, 192

graphics adapters, 215

IR (infrared) devices, 174

IRQ 2(9) usage, 216

IRQ routing (PCI), 112, 150

legacy disk drives, 261

modems, 287

network communications devices, 303

parallel ports and devices, 169

PS/2 ports, 187, 189

SCSI requirements, 141

serial ports, 168

IRQ sharing

ISA cards and devices, 39, 120–21

PCI devices, 112, 113

IS-101. See TIA communications standards

ISA buses and devices

audio components, 248

auto-configuration registers, 33

Basic PC 97 and mobile systems, 39

basic system requirements, 119–20

boot device requirements, 122–23

checklist, 124

Clarification to Plug and Play ISA Specification v. 1.0a, 30

Config state, 122

conflict resolution, 119

defined, 382

device IDs, 10, 31, 39, 339

Entertainment PC 97 systems, 80

fixed ISA interrupts, 376

I/O addresses, 120, 377–78

IRQ sharing, 120–21

isolation, 122, 382

legacy DMA assignments, 376

migration away from ISA, 119

network adapters, 294

non-Plug and Play operating systems, 39, 120

option ROMs, 120

overview, 118

PC 97 design issues, 11

ISA buses and devices (continued)

PC Card interrupts, 150

PCI-to-ISA docking station bridges, 109

Plug and Play specifications, 119–23

PNP vendor code, 32

references, 123

resource data, 122, 384

serial ID numbers, 39, 122

system device addresses, 37

types of devices, 118

Workstation PC 97 systems, 62, 294

ISA Write Data Port addresses, 110

ISDN devices. See also network communications devices

async-to-sync data conversion, 297

AT command set, 297

bridges, 297

cable sense, 297

checklist, 308–10

device drivers and installation, 305

Entertainment PC 97 systems, 82–83

HDLC framing, 297

high-speed ports, 298

multilink PPP, 298

NDIS 4.0 miniport drivers, 297

NDIS WAN miniport, 298

NT-1, 298

PC 97 systems, 295

Plug and Play, 303–4

power management issues, 304

receive and send buffers, 297

references, 307

video conferencing modems, 281

Windows 95 and Windows NT device driver compatibility, 298

Workstation PC 97 systems, 65

isochronous data handling, 101

isochronous resource managers, 102–3

ISO/IEC 13818–2, 229

ISO/IEC 13818–4, 230

isolation schemes (ISA), 122, 382

ITU communications standards

ITU H.223, 281

ITU H.324, 279, 281

ITU T.120, 281

ITU V.8, 274, 278–80

ITU V.8bis, 274, 278–80, 281

ITU V.18, 276

ITU V.25, 274, 278–80

ITU V.25ter, 274, 278, 280

ITU V.34Q, 281

ITU V.42, 281

ITU V.61, 281

ITU V.70, 273, 279, 281

ITU communications standards

ITU V.75, 281

ITU V.80, 275, 281

obtaining standards, 289

IVR (interactive voice response), 272


J


joysticks and steering devices

bus requirements, 79

connection requirements, 183

cordless RF devices, 175

device IDs, 347

Entertainment PC 97 systems, 81

icons, 332

Microsoft DirectInput 3.0, 182

PC 97 design requirements, 192

jumper settings, 34


K


kernel, 382

kernel mode threads, 19

keyboard ports and peripherals

8024 controllers and devices, 118

accessibility guidelines, 352, 357, 364

Basic PC 97 and mobile systems, 40, 47

BIOS USB keyboard support, 28, 90

connection requirements, 182

cordless RF devices, 175

device IDs, 336–37

Entertainment PC 97 systems, 80

fixed resources, 30

icons, 331

multiple keyboard support, 190

PC 97 design requirements, 189–91

power switches, 26

static resources, 119

USB ports, 189

Windows Logo keys, 190–91

Workstation PC 97 systems, 63

keyed connectors, 34

keyguards, 359

keys

Application keys, 191

nibs or locator ridges, 358

remote control keys, 81, 188

Windows Logo keys, 190–91


L


L2 cache

Basic PC 97 and mobile systems, 24

Entertainment PC 97 systems, 76

Workstation PC 97 systems, 59

labels. See also icons

controls, 360

device connectors, 34, 331–32, 360

mobile system connectors, 46

scanner or digital camera ports, 322

language impairments, 351

LANs, 302

laptop computers. See mobile systems

large-screen monitors. See entertainment monitors

latch accessibility guidelines, 355

Latency Timer values, 155

LBA (logical block addressing), 128, 261

LCD indicators, 42, 233, 353

least-significant bit (LSB), 202

LED indicators, 353

left- and right-handed users, 359

LegacyBaseAddress, 150, 151

legacy ports and peripherals

AT-style keyboard ports, 189

audio I/O registers, 249

BIOS USB keyboard support, 28

CardBus controller initialization, 150

defined, 382

floppy disk drives, 45, 260

game control ports and peripherals, 183, 191, 192–93

IDE resource configuration, 130

I/O assignments, 375–78

ISA PC 97 design requirements, 39

memory PC Cards, 148

parallel port requirements, 118, 164, 169–72

PC Card 16-bit Interface Legacy BAR, 110, 151

PNP vendor code, 32

PS/2-compatible ports, 34

serial port requirements, 118, 164, 167–68

level 1 version/product information tuples, 152, 153

Level 2 cache, 24, 59, 76

linear-mapped low resolution modes, 206

linear memory, 207

linear packed pixel frame buffers, 215–16

line-in and line-out audio, 244, 245

living room PCs, 75, 80, 81–82

local area networks, traffic shaping, 302

local buses, 108, 382. See also PCI

local ground reference, 97

logical block addressing, 128, 261

logical CD formats, 263

Logical Device IDs, 122

logo program, 3–4

low-resolution modes (2-D acceleration), 206

LPT devices. See parallel ports and devices

LPT mode, 170

LSB (least-significant bit), 202

LUN implementation, 263

LVE (DirectDraw Live Video Extensions), 158


M


M (master) hard disk setting, 262

Making Software more Accessible to People with Disabilities, 372

manual accessibility guidelines, 360–61

manual task impairments, 351, 355–56

manufacturer identifier tuples (CISTPL_MANFID), 153, 154, 156

MANUFACTURER key, 171

manufacturers (OEMs)

defined, 383

Microsoft contact information, xxii

OEM splash screens, 27

marking hardware. See icons; labels

master devices

CSEL support, 132

hard disk configuration, 262

IDE/ATAPI devices, 129

math coprocessors

device IDs, 340

fixed resources, 30

as ISA devices, 118

static resources, 119

Max_Lat field (CardBus), 155

MediaLink technology, 281

Media Status Notification Specification, 134

Media Status Notification Specification for SCSI and ATAPI Devices, 143

memory

Basic PC 97 and mobile systems, 24

buffers (see buffers)

DMA (see DMA)

Entertainment PC 97 systems, 24, 76

IEEE 1394 host memory, 103

linear memory, 207

memory interleaving, 67

Workstation PC 97 systems, 59

write combining memory type support, 65

memory PC Cards, 148

memory-type range registers, 65

message support for VxDs, 36

mice. See mouse ports and pointing devices

Micro Channel bus device IDs, 339

Microcom MNP 10 protocol, 285

microphones

accessibility guidelines, 354, 367

Advanced audio, 245

echo cancellation, 245

port icons, 332

microprocessors

ACE-compliant platforms, 12

Basic PC 97 and mobile systems, 23

CISC-based platforms, 12

Entertainment PC 97 systems, 76

multiple processor support, 19

running Windows NT, 11–13

Workstation PC 97 systems, 59

x86- and RISC-based systems, 11–13

Microsoft

"Designed for Microsoft Windows" logo requirements, xv

Microsoft Developer Network (MSDN), xxii

specifications and information

Microsoft Broadcast PC specification, 83

Microsoft contact address, xxii

Microsoft Device Driver Kits (DDKs) for Windows operating systems, 13

Microsoft Media Status Notification specifications, 143

Microsoft Windows 95 Driver Development Kit, xxii

Microsoft Windows Guidelines for Accessible Software Design, 372, 373

Microsoft Windows Hardware Compatibility List, xxii

Microsoft Windows NT Driver Development Kit, xxii

PC Card Support in Windows 95, 159

testing tools, specifications, and information, 114

Windows 95 DDK, 134

Windows NT DDK, 134

Microsoft ActiveMovie

ActiveMovie APIs, 6

audio and video decode performance, 228

Basic PC 97 and mobile systems, 44

defined, 199

Entertainment PC 97 systems, 84

MPEG-1 playback, 225

Workstation PC 97 systems, 67

Microsoft ActiveX, 74

Microsoft Broadcast PC specification, 83

Microsoft Developer Network (MSDN), xxii

Microsoft Direct3D

APIs, 6

defined, 199

Entertainment PC 97 systems, 84

guidelines for support, 207–8

Workstation PC 97 systems, 67

Microsoft DirectDraw

2-D graphics acceleration, 67, 84, 205–7

APIs, 6

defined, 198

DirectDrawX, 194

Live Video Extensions (LVE), 158

Microsoft DirectInput, 82, 182, 192, 193, 194

Microsoft DirectSound, 6, 242

Microsoft DirectX, 74, 158, 199, 219

Microsoft Media Status Notification specifications, 143

Microsoft Network Monitor Agent, 305

Microsoft Sound System device ID, 335

Microsoft Win32 Driver Model. See WDM (Win32 Driver Model)

Microsoft Windows 95

2-D graphics acceleration, 206

basic system requirements, xvi, 1

DDI support, 317

defined, xx

designing PCs for, 5–6

Device Manager, 35

FilterKeys feature, 359

IRQ sharing (PCI), 112

Microsoft Device Driver Kits (DDKs) for Windows operating systems, 13

Microsoft Windows 95 Driver Development Kit, xxii

PC Card Support in Windows 95, 159

PCI enumerator (Pci.vxd), 151

SerialKeys software, 358

SlowKeys feature, 358

SMART commands, 132

Smartvsd.vxd, 132

Socket Services driver, 150

StickyKeys feature, 358

virtual desktop size, 219

WDM (Win32 Driver Model), 5, 18

Windows 95 DDK, 134

x86- and RISC-based systems, 11–13

Microsoft Windows Driver Library, xxii

Microsoft Windows Guidelines for Accessible Software Design, 372, 373

Microsoft Windows Hardware Compatibility List, xxii

Microsoft Windows Hardware Quality Labs. See WHQL (Windows Hardware Quality Labs)

Microsoft Windows Logo keys, 190–91

Microsoft Windows NT

2-D graphics acceleration, 206

basic system requirements, xvi, 1

DDI support, 317

defined, xx, 384

designing PCs for, 5–6

differential devices, 139

hardware recognizer (Ntdetect), 12

installing on Basic PC 97 and mobile systems, 41

installing on Workstation PC 97 systems, 64

ISDN device driver compatibility, 298

Microsoft Device Driver Kits (DDKs) for Windows operating systems, 13

Microsoft Windows NT Driver Development Kit, xxii

network adapter detection DLL, 305

obtaining DDKs, xxii

OpenGL acceleration, 67

system startup differences, 12

Unimodem driver, 277

VDM (Virtual Device Manager), 11

virtual desktop size, 219

virtual device drivers (VDDs), 11

WDM (Win32 Driver Model), 5, 18

Win32 Driver Model (WDM), 5

Windows NT DDK, 134

Workstation PC 97 systems, 58

x86- and RISC-based systems, 11–13

MIDI support

Advanced audio standards, 245

MIDI playback, 243

Sound Blaster pin-out compatibility, 193

Min_Gnt field, 155

minidrivers

defined, 382

device driver requirements, 36

HID minidrivers, 192

IEEE 1394 device command protocols, 100

WDM (Win32 Driver Model), 5, 19

miniports and miniport drivers

defined, 383

NDIS miniport drivers

IrDA miniport drivers, 173

ISDN devices, 297

network adapters, 295–96

operating system-specific calls, 306

NDIS WAN miniport, 298

RISC- and x86-based systems, 13

system board devices, 111

Minitel text telephones, 276

MIP-mapped textures, 209

MIPS R4000 processors. See RISC-based systems

misconnecting devices, 34

misinsertion of media, 356

MMC (SCSI-3 Multimedia Command Set), 102

Mmsystem.dll, 218

mobile systems

ACPI support, 24–25

batteries, 46

bus requirements

bus compliance, 30

CardBus slots, 46

high-speed expansion, 38, 47

ISA expansion buses, 39

PCI buses, 38

USB implementation, 38, 47

closing lids, 46

CPUs, 23

definition, 4

device connections and requirements

audio support, 42, 47

boot device BIOS support, 28

general device requirements, 29–37, 46

graphics adapters, 203

input components, 182

keyboards, 28, 40, 47, 190

mobile system connections, 46

modem features, 273

network communications devices, 42

pointing devices, 40, 47

serial, parallel, and wireless devices, 40, 41, 47, 64

storage device requirements, 44, 45, 68

video components, 43, 44, 47, 200

display monitors

color matching, 47

DDC and EDID support, 43

LCD panel resolution, 233

requirements, 42–43, 47

resolution, 201

docking

defined, 382

docking station requirements, 48–49

PCI docking, 109

port replicator requirements, 50

industrial design requirements, 28–29, 46, 60

L2 cache, 24, 76

OnNow support, 27, 46

operating system installation, 41, 64

PC 97 design exceptions and requirements, 46–47

mobile systems (continued)

system memory, 24

system requirements, 23–28

Windows Logo keys, 191

MODEL key, 171

Modem Developers Kit (MDK), 272

modems. See also Unimodem driver; voice and voice/data modems

adaptive connection technology, 277–82

Basic PC 97 and mobile systems, 42

call modality discrimination, 278–80

cellular phone support, 285–86

checklist, 290–91

CLASS services, 283–86

conflict resolution, 287

device drivers and installation, 288–89

device IDs, 335, 347

dynamic disable capabilities, 287

Entertainment PC 97 systems, 82–83

fax modems, 82–83, 275, 279

Hayes compatibility, 274

I/O addresses, 287

overview, 272–73

parallel ports, 287

PCI buses, 287

Plug and Play requirements, 286–87

power management issues, 288

real-time wave encoder/decoders, 278

references, 289

adaptive connections, 280

Caller ID services, 284

distinctive ringing class service, 283

telset capabilities, 280

VoiceView, 282

speakerphone capabilities, 83, 277–78

speed and protocols, 274

synchronous access, 275

system requirements, 273

TAPI, 6, 295, 384

TDD or text telephones, 276

telephone line icons, 332

telset capabilities, 280

TIA-602 command set, 274

USB buses, 287

voice and voice/data modems, 277–82

voice/data integration, 281

VoiceView, 282

wireline modems, 273

Workstation PC 97 systems, 65

modulated alpha coloring, 209

monaural output, 243

monaural port icons, 332

monitors. See display monitors

most-significant bit (MSB), 202

motherboards. See system boards

Motion Picture Experts Group. See MPEG

motor control impairments, 357–59

mouse ports and pointing devices. See also pointing device ports and peripherals

accessibility design, 352

Basic PC 97 and mobile systems, 40, 47

cordless RF devices, 175

Entertainment PC 97 systems, 81–82

IBM Personal System/2 Mouse Technical Reference, 194

mouse device IDs, 340–41

mouse icons, 331

multiple pointing devices, 82

wireless and remote control, 81–82, 188

Workstation PC 97 systems, 63

movement impairments, 351, 355–56

movie copy protection, 265

movie viewing, 74

MPEG, 383

MPEG-1 playback. See also video components

audio and video decode performance, 228

Basic PC 97 and mobile systems, 44

color space conversion, 229

Entertainment PC 97 systems, 84

hardware arithmetic stretching, 229

Microsoft ActiveMovie, 199, 225

off-screen surfaces, 229

Workstation PC 97 systems, 67

MPEG-2 playback. See also DVD devices and playback

MPEG-2 audio, 230

MPEG-2 hardware acceleration, 230

MPEG-2 video stream, 98, 229, 235

MPU-401 register, 249

MSB (most-significant bit), 202

MSDN (Microsoft Developer Network) contact information, xxii

multifunction adapters

device IDs, 31

dual IDE adapters, 128

game ports, 193

INF files, 335

legacy game ports, 192

minidriver implementation, 19

MPEG device enumeration, 227

multifunction PCI devices, 110

PC 97 design requirements, 37

south bridge multifunction devices, 127

multi-line hardware flicker filters, 212

multilink PPP support, 298

multimedia devices

device IDs, 335, 346–47

ease of use issues, 7

multimedia PC guidelines, 51–52

multiple adapters

multiple graphics adapters, 204–5

multiple monitors, 204–5

multiple pointing devices, 82

network communications devices, 304

multiple voltage PC Cards, 154

multipoint IR protocols, 174

multiprocessors, 23, 59, 76

Multiprocessor Specification Version 1.4, 53, 69

multisession CD-ROMs, 133, 262

Multisession Compact Disc Specification, 265

multistreaming applications, 98

multitasking, 224

MultiTech PCS, 281

musical instrument support, 102

mute control on remote controls, 81


N


National Captioning Institute, 374

National Information System Center for Developmental Disabilities, 374

National Institute for Disability and Rehabilitation Research, 349

National Television System Committee (NTSC). See NTSC systems

Native mode (IDE adapters), 127

NDIS miniport drivers

defined, 383

IrDA miniport drivers, 173

ISDN devices, 298

NDIS WAN miniport, 298

network adapters, 295–96

operating system-specific calls, 306

NetBEUI compatibility, 306

NetWare compatibility, 306

network adapters. See also network communications devices

basic features, 295–96

Basic PC 97 and mobile systems, 41, 42

boot device BIOS support, 28

bridges, 296

cable sense, 296

checklist, 308–10

device drivers and installation, 305

device IDs, 335, 342–45

NDIS 4.0 miniport driver, 295–96

Plug and Play, 303–4

port icons, 332

power management issues, 304

receive and send buffers, 296

references, 307

sensing transceiver types, 296

Workstation PC 97 systems, 64, 65

network communications devices. See also ATM adapters; cable modems; ISDN devices; network adapters

ATM adapters, 295, 301–2

Basic PC 97 and mobile systems, 41, 42

cable modems, 295, 299–301

checklist, 308–10

conflict resolution, 303

detecting adapters, 306

device drivers and installation, 305

device IDs, 303, 342–45

Help files, 306

high-performance components, 294

ISDN devices, 295, 297–98

Microsoft network clients and protocols, 306

multiple adapters, 304

NDIS miniport driver, 306

network adapters, 294, 295–96

overview, 294

Plug and Play, 303–4

power management, 304

promiscuous mode, 305

references, 307

software settings, 304

Windows NT detection DLL, 305

Workstation PC 97 systems, 64, 65

Network Device Class, 304

Network Driver Interface Specification. See NDIS miniport drivers

network printer installation, 317

network terminators, 298

New Key Support for Microsoft Windows Operating Systems and Applications, 190, 194

nibble mode, 170, 313, 383

NIDRR (National Institute for Disability and Rehabilitation Research), 349

NMIs (nonmaskable interrupts), 383

Node IDs, spoofing, 103

No Emulation mode, 28, 263

noise interference (RF devices), 175

noise requirements, 28–29, 60, 77

non-interlaced refresh rates, 201

non-kernel mode threads, 19

nonmaskable interrupts (NMI), 383

non-Plug and Play operating systems

configuring Plug and Play cards, 39, 120

option ROMs, 32

non-spoofable GUIDs, 103

non-VGA standard display resources, 204

non-volatile resource configuration storage, 30

Nordic Guidelines for Computer Accessibility, 372

novice users, designing for. See ease of use

NT-1, 298

Ntdetect (hardware recognizer), 12

NTFS (Windows NT file system), 383

NTSC systems

Basic PC 97 and mobile systems, 43

defined, 211

Entertainment PC 97 systems, 84

graphics adapters, 200, 212

refresh rates, 235

time code reading, 232

Workstation PC 97 systems, 66

number keys on remote controls, 81


O


OAM (operation and maintenance) support, 302

obsolescence. See extensibility

obtaining tools and information. See references

OEMs

defined, 383

Microsoft contact information, xxii

OEM splash screens, 27

off-screen surfaces, 203, 229

online Help files, 306, 361

online PC 97 files, xviii

OnNow design initiative

ACPI design (see ACPI)

Basic systems, 25–26

BIOS support, 27

Entertainment PC 97 systems, 25–26

hard disk spin-up time, 262

mobile systems, 46

overview, 16–17

PC Card power states, 157

PCI device power management, 113

as SIPC technology, 8

user perceptions, 16

Workstation PC 97 systems, 25–26, 60

OpenGL acceleration

defined, 199

Direct3D device support, 208

engineering workstations, 66

PC 97 design requirements, 67

rasterization, 208

Usenet newsgroup address, 208

OpenGL Architectural Review Board, 208

OpenHCI controller implementation standard

controller compliance, 97

IEEE 1394 bus support, 96

USB controllers, 91

Open Host Controller Interface (OpenHCI), 92

Open Host Controller Interface Specification, 104

operating systems

ACPI design, 18

BIOS flags, 112

operating systems (continued)

device driver requirements, 35–36

disabling devices, 35, 48–49, 50

installation support, 41, 64, 82

miniport driver functions, 306

non-Plug and Play systems, 120

power management, 17

operation and maintenance server support, 302

optical storage devices

ATA floptical devices, 133

checklist, 267–69

device drivers and installation, 259–60

PC 97 design requirements, 263

Plug and Play requirements, 257–58

power management issues, 258

references, 265–66

storage component basic features, 256–57

optional hardware features, xix

option ROMs

Basic PC 97 systems, 31–32

DDC2B support, 216

defined, 383

designing for Plug and Play, 32

detecting during boot process, 123

Entertainment PC 97 systems, 31–32

Int 13h Extensions support, 44, 126, 127, 256

mobile systems, 31–32

non-Plug and Play systems, 32

SCSI host adapter support, 138

virtual DMA services (VDS), 139

Workstation PC 97 systems, 31–32

original equipment manufacturers (OEM)

defined, 383

OEM splash screens, 27

OSLOADER, 12

output. See audio components; DVD devices and playback; NTSC systems; PAL systems; TV output; video playback and output

overcurrent protection, 140

overscan correction (TV output), 212


P


packed-pixel frame buffers, 202, 215–16, 383

page flipping, 67, 84, 198

page registers, 151

palettized textures, 210

PAL systems

Basic PC 97 and mobile systems, 43

defined, 211

Entertainment PC 97 systems, 84

graphics adapter requirements, 200, 212

refresh rates, 235

PAL systems (continued)

time code reading, 232

Workstation PC 97 systems, 66

parallel ports and devices

automatic device configuration, 169

Basic PC 97 and mobile systems, 40, 47

checklist, 177–79

compatibility mode, 170

conflict resolution, 165

connection requirements, 164

device drivers and installation, 166

device IDs, 10, 171, 337

Entertainment PC 97 systems, 82

icons, 332

legacy port requirements, 169–72

LPT mode, 170

modem requirements, 287

Plug and Play requirements, 165

power management, 166

printers, 313–14

references, 176

resource allocation, 169

scanners and digital cameras, 324–25

Standard Signaling Method for a Bi-directional Parallel Peripheral Interface for Personal Computers, 313

Workstation PC 97 systems, 63

Parametrics Technologies Corporation (PTC), 66

partitioned media driver support, 260

PC 97 Advanced audio. See Advanced audio capabilities

PC 97 design

accessibility guidelines, 361–62

acronyms and abbreviations, xxi

add-on devices, 22

buses, 6

categories

Basic PC 97 category, 4, 21–56

Entertainment PC 97 category, 4, 73–88

mobile systems, 4

Workstation PC 97 category, 4, 57–71

defined, xix

"Designed for Microsoft Windows" logo, 3–4

device support, 6

ease of use issues, 7–9

evolving PC hardware, 2–3

extensibility, 9–11

high-level goals, 3

online files, xviii

OnNow design initiative, 16–17

PC evolution, 16

Plug and Play, 9–11

references, 13

PC 97 design (continued)

required, recommended, and optional features defined, xix

SIPC initiative, 7–9

system devices defined, 22

Windows operating system issues, 5–6

x86- and RISC-based systems, 11–13

PC 97 Hardware Design Guide

Microsoft contact information, xxii

updates to PC 97 Hardware Design Guide, xviii

PC Card 16-bit Interface Legacy Mode Base Address Register, 110, 151

PC Card 32. See CardBus devices

PC Cards. See also CardBus devices

accessibility guidelines, 362

allocated fields, 155

battery cards, 157

CardBus

Plug and Play, 155–57

tuples, 156

card information structures (CIS), 154

checklist, 160–61

device drivers and installation, 158

device identifier information, 10

diagnostic utilities, 159

ExCA-compatible socket controllers, 149–51

IRQ Routing Register bits, 149

ISA and PCI interrupts, 150

memory PC Cards, 148

multiple voltage cards, 154

overview, 148

PC Card 16

fixed configurations, 154

Plug and Play, 152–54

ReqAttn bit and #STSCHG mechanism, 157

tuples, 152–54

power management, 157–58

power-related events, 157

references, 159

ZV-compatible cards, 158

PC Card Standard, 148

PC Card Support in Windows 95, 159

PCCA STD-101, 285

PCI. See also PCI Configuration Space; PCI documents and specifications; PCI IDE bus mastering

audio components, 248–49

base address registers, 215

basic design requirements, 108–10

CardBus interrupts, 150

PCI (continued)

checklist, 113

closing BAR windows, 108

defined, 383

device IDs, 10, 339

modem requirements, 287

overview, 108

PC 97 systems

Basic PC 97 and mobile systems, 38

Entertainment PC 97 systems, 80

Workstation PC 97 systems, 62

PCI commands, 294

PCI controllers

CardBus controllers, 110

ISA Write Data Port addresses, 110

requirements, 110–12

PCI dual IDE adapters, 127–28

Pci.exe, 111

PCI interrupt sharing, 112

PCI Special Interest Group, 114

PCI-to-CardBus bridges, 149

PCI-to-ISA bridges, 109

PCI-to-PCI bridges, 109, 111

Pci.vxd, 151

Plug and Play requirements, 110–13

power management requirements, 113

primary graphics adapter, 43

references, 114

PCI base address registers, 215

PCIC compatible controllers, 150

PCI commands, 294

PCI Configuration Space

CardBus cards, 155

debugging, 111

device-dependent region, 111

ghost cards, 108

header region, 111

PCI Configuration Space bits, 150, 151, 157

PCI-to-CardBus bridges, 149

Plug and Play device identifiers, 108–11

sharing between functions, 108

SubSystem IDs, 111

SubSystem Vendor IDs, 111

PCI documents and specifications

PCI Bus Power Management Interface Specification, 114

PCI IDE Controller Specification, 127

PCI Local Bus Specification 2.1, 108

PCI Specification 2.1, 108

references, 114

SFF 8038, 129, 134

PCI enumerator (Pci.vxd), 151

Pci.exe, 111

PCI IDE bus mastering

IDE and ATAPI devices, 129

in dual IDE adapters, 127

PCI IDE devices, 130

PCI Special Interest Group, 114

PCI-to-CardBus bridges, 149

PCI-to-ISA bridges, 109

PCI-to-PCI bridges, 109, 111

Pci.vxd, 151

PCMCIA. See also PC Cards

card services, 379

controller chip set device IDs, 340

defined, 383

device identifier information, 10

standards, 148

tuples, 152

PCMCIA standards, 159

PCM digital audio, 230, 243

PCRs (Plug Control Registers), 101

PCs. See also Basic PC 97 requirements; Entertainment PC 97 requirements; PC 97 design; RISC-based systems; Workstation PC 97 requirements; x86-based systems

accessibility guidelines (see accessibility guidelines)

documentation, 360–61

extensibility, 7, 9–11, 16

processor and operating system definitions, xx

sealed case PCs, 8–9, 77

user-servicable parts, 7, 9, 77

PC Suspend and Resume functions, 81

peak data rates, 98

peak rate traffic shaping, 302

Pentium- and Pentium Pro-class systems. See x86-based systems

Peripheral Component Interconnect. See PCI

Peritel sockets, 213

personal communications, designing for, 74

Personal Computer Memory Card International Association. See PCMCIA

Personal System/2 Specification, 187, 189

perspective-correct texturing, 208

phantom I/O addressing, 33

Phase Alternation Line (PAL). See PAL systems

phone lines. See telephone lines

PHY layer protocol, 98

physical CD formats, 263

physical impairments, 351, 355–56

PICs (programmable interrupts)

defined, 383

PIC interrupt 9, 216

Pin 1 orientation, 129, 132

PIO (Programmed Input/Output), 127–28, 129

PIT timers, 118

pixels

pixel orderings, 202

pixel replication, 203

VGA destination color keying, 207

placement of controls and buttons, 359

planers. See system boards

Plug and Play. See also Plug and Play documents

ACPI importance, 9

audio components, 247

automatic resource assignment, 30

Basic PC 97 systems, 30

buses and I/O types

IDE requirements, 130

IEEE 1394 requirements, 96, 99

ISA device requirements, 39, 120–23

PC Card 16 design, 152–54

PCI controllers and peripherals, 108–11

SCSI adapters and peripherals, 140–41

serial, parallel, and wireless devices, 165, 171

CardBus requirements, 155–57

CSNs (card select numbers), 122, 301

defined, 383

device driver IRP support, 36

device IDs

BIOS, 340

numerical listing, 336–47

overview, 334–35

PCI Configuration Space, 108–11

registering, 10, 33

required information, 10

dynamic disable capabilities, 30

Entertainment PC 97 systems, 30

enumerators, 382 (see also enumeration)

expansion headers, 32

graphics adapters, 214

input component requirements, 184–85

mobile systems, 30

modem requirements, 286–87

network communications devices, 303–4

OnNow requirements, 17

operating system determination, 120

option ROMs, 32

port requirements, 165

printer requirements, 314

resource allocation, 30

role in extensibility, 9–11

scanner and digital camera requirements, 325

storage components, 257–58

tuples, 152–54

Plug and Play (continued)

video components, 226–27

WDM importance, 9

Workstation PC 97 systems, 30

Plug and Play documents

Clarifications to the Plug and Play BIOS Specification v. 1.0a, 119, 123

Clarification to Plug and Play ISA Specification v. 1.0a, 30

Microsoft contact information, xxii

Plug and Play BIOS Specification v. 1.0a, 30, 119, 123

Plug and Play documentation, 176

Plug and Play External COM Device Specification v. 1.0, 10, 30

Plug and Play ISA Specification v. 1.0a, 123

Plug and Play Parallel Port Device Specification v. 1.0b, 10, 30

Plug and Play SCSI Specification v. 1.0, 30, 140, 143

Plug and Play specifications, xx, 53

Plug Control Registers, 101

plugging in cables, 142

PnP. See Plug and Play

PNP vendor code, 32–33, 333

point and print installation, 317

pointing device ports and peripherals

accessibility guidelines, 363

Basic PC 97 and mobile systems, 40, 47

connection requirements, 183

cordless RF devices, 175

Entertainment PC 97 systems, 81–82

high-precision input devices, 63

mouse device IDs, 340–41

mouse icons, 331

multiple pointing devices, 82

PC 97 design requirements, 187–88

USB ports, 187

wireless and remote control, 81–82, 188

Workstation PC 97 systems, 63

point-sampled, perspective-correct texturing, 208

portable computers. See mobile systems

port monitor software, 316

port replicators, 50, 383

ports. See also IDE (Integrated Drive Electronics); parallel ports and devices; serial ports and devices

defined, 383

ECPs (extended capabilities ports) (see ECPs)

fixed I/O address assignments, 377–78

icons, 331–32

ports (continued)

scanner or digital camera ports, 322

ZV Ports, 158

positioning controls (TV images), 213, 235

positive-temperature-coefficient devices, 140

POST (power-on self test), 27, 384

POTS lines, 272, 281

power buttons, 24, 26, 357

Power Device Class Specification, 92

power distribution model, 96, 99, 103

powering systems on and off. See also boot process

buttons and controls, 24, 26, 357

IEEE 1394 features, 100

instant performance, 7

OnNow initiative requirements, 16

PC 97 requirements, 26

PC power states and user perceptions, 16

powering down PCs, 26, 100

power-on self test (POST), 27, 384

visual displays, 27

power management. See also ACPI (Advanced Configuration and Power Interface); powering systems on and off

ACPI design, 17–18

APM, 379

audio components, 250

battery-powered systems, 140

bus requirements, 26

buttons and controls, 26

card batteries, 157

circuit breakers, 140

Command and Status Register protocol (CSR), 100

current limiting, 140

Device Class Power Management Reference Specification, 176

docking mobile systems, 49

electrical isolation requirements, 97

fuses, 140

graphics adapters, 217

IDE devices, 131

IEEE 1394 support, 96, 99–100, 103

input components, 185

modems, 288

multiple voltage PC Cards, 154

network communications devices, 304

OnNow initiative requirements, 16–17, 25–26

PC Cards, 157–58

PCI device power management, 113

positive-temperature-coefficient devices, 140

Power Device Class Specification, 92

power management (continued)

power states

D2 power states, 157

PC 97 requirements, 24–25

power state changes, 16

user perceptions, 16

printers, 315

references, 20

ReqAttn bit, 157

scanner and digital camera requirements, 326

SCSI adapters and peripherals, 141–42

SCSI terminator power, 140

serial, parallel, and wireless devices, 166, 173

storage components, 258

#STSCHG mechanism, 157

USB buses, 91–92

video components, 227

Power management specifications for device and bus classes, 69, 86

power management timers, 24

power-on self tests, 27, 384

PowerPC Architecture. See RISC-based systems

power sink requirements, 99

power source requirements, 99

PPP and PPTP connections, 275

precision input devices, 63

primary input and output devices, 122

printed documentation, 360–61

printer port icons, 332

printers

accessibility guidelines, 370–72

checklist, 319–20

device drivers and installation, 315–18

error notification, 314, 316

ICC color matching, 316

IEEE 1284 requirements, 313–14

IEEE 1394 requirements, 312

overview, 312

Plug and Play requirements, 314

power management, 315

printable regions, 317

references, 318

Unidriver, 318

USB requirements, 312

Win32 Imaging Class, 101

Product Identifiers (ISA), 39, 121

programmable blter strides, 207

programmable interrupts (PICs)

defined, 383

PIC interrupt 9, 216

Programmed Input/Output (PIO), 127–28, 129

Programming Interface for Bus Master IDE, 134

promiscuous mode (network adapters), 305

proprietary CD adapter device IDs, 335, 346

PS/2-compatible ports

labeling, 34

requirements, 187, 189

PS/2-style keyboard scan codes, 190

PSTN (Public Switched Telephone Network)

digital cellular systems, 285

PSTN Videophones, 279

PTC (Parametrics Technologies Corporation), 66

publications, obtaining. See references

Public Switched Telephone Network (PSTN), 285

pulse-code modulation digital audio. See PCM digital audio

push-to-close DVD design, 265


Q


quadlet reads, 103

quad-word buffer alignment, 296


R


R2 memory windows, 151

radio frequency (RF) support. See RF (radio frequency) devices

radio station remote controls, 81

random access memory digital-to-analog converters (RAMDAC), 202, 384

range of motion impairments, 355–56

ranges

remote control devices, 174

RF devices, 175

rasterization, 208, 210

RCA-style composite video connectors, 213

Read Format Capacities command, 263

READ_TOC command, 133

ReadTOC method, 262

real-mode components, 36

real-mode IRQ sharing (PCI), 112

real-time clocks

device IDs, 340

fixed resources, 30

Real-Time Clock alarm, 24

static resources, 119

real-time wave encoder/decoders, 278

receive buffers (network adapters), 296

receptionist modem features, 272

recommended hardware features, xix

Recording for the Blind and Dyslexic, Inc., 373

Red Book format, 263, 264, 384

reduced instruction set (RISC) architecture. See RISC-based systems

references

accessibility guidelines, 372–74

ACPI initiative, 20

audio components, 251

Basic PC 97 systems, 53

Entertainment PC 97 systems, 86

graphics adapters, 219

IDE and ATAPI, 134

IEEE 1394, 104

input components, 194

ISA cards and devices, 123

Microsoft contact information, xxii

modems, 289

adaptive connections, 280

cable modems, 307

Caller ID services, 284

distinctive ringing class service, 283

telset capabilities, 280

VoiceView, 282

network communications devices, 307

OnNow technology, 20

PC 97 design, 13

PC Cards, 159

PCI, 114

printers, 318

scanners and digital cameras, 327

SCSI adapters and peripherals, 143

serial, parallel, and wireless devices, 176

storage devices, 265–66

USB buses, 92

video components, 237

WDM, 20

Workstation PC 97 systems, 69

refresh, vertical, 216

refreshing current scan line, 206

refresh rates

control panel settings, 218

entertainment monitors, 235

locked VGA refresh rates, 230

non-interlaced refresh rates, 201

seizure disorders and, 353

RegisterBaseAddress, 150

registering device IDs, 10

registering vendor IDs, 33, 333

registers

audio I/O registers, 249

BANDWIDTH_AVAILABLE register, 103

BARs (Base Address Registers), 112

CardBus controller initialization, 150

CHANNELS_AVAILABLE register, 103

Class Code Register (09h), 112

Command register, 150

registers (continued)

configuration registers, 111, 153

DMA page registers, 119

Interrupt Line Register, 113, 150

ISA auto-configuration registers, 33

PC Card 16-bit Interface Legacy Mode BAR, 108, 151

PCI configuration register space, 111

resource data registers, 122

runtime registers, 112

SPEED_MAP register, 103

TOPOLOGY_MAP register, 103

unimplemented registers, 121

Registry, 381, 384

regulated terminators, 139

relocatable registers, 201

remote control devices

cordless RF devices, 175

input component requirements, 183

pointing device requirements, 81–82, 188

range requirements, 174

switching inputs, 174

Remote wakeup, 100

removable media devices

accessibility guidelines, 355

ATAPI and IDE support, 126, 127, 131

Basic PC 97 and mobile systems, 44–45

ejecting media, 355

floptical drives, 133

Media Status Notification Specification, 134

media sturdiness, 356

misinsertion of media, 356

SCSI devices, 143

removing device drivers, 36

ReqAttn bit, 157

required hardware features, xix

RESERVED fields (CardBus), 156

resolution

2-D graphics low-resolution modes, 206

Basic PC 97 systems, 42

desktop display monitors, 233

dot pitch limits, 236

Entertainment PC 97 systems, 83

NTSC or PAL output, 200

Workstation PC 97 systems, 66, 67

resource allocation, 30. See also resource configuration; resource conflicts

resource arbitrators, 384

resource configuration

device installation experience, 34–35

IDE devices, 130

ISA implementation, 33, 39

multifunction devices, 37

non-volatile storage, 30

role in extensibility issues, 9

resource configuration (continued)

SCSI requirements, 141

settings in registry, 35

static and configurable resources, 119, 384

resource configuration managers

defined, 380

device nodes, 380

resource arbitrators, 384

resource conflicts. See also resource allocation; resource configuration

12-bit I/O decoding, 33

16-bit I/O decoding, 33, 120, 248

defined, 384

docking station requirements, 48

IR (infrared) devices, 174

ISA cards, 119

multiple adapters and monitors, 204

resource data registers, 122

resource data type functions, 384

Resource Management (RM) cells, 302

resources. See also resource allocation; resource configuration; resource conflicts

automatic resource assignment, 141

defined, 384

DMA channels, 169, 248, 261, 287, 303

I/O addresses (see I/O addresses)

IRQ signals (see interrupt signals)

static resources, 119, 384

resources, informational. See references

response codes, 187, 190

restarting systems

device installation, 34

reconfiguring without restarting, 9

Revision IDs (CardBus), 155

rewritable ATAPI devices. See optical storage devices

RF (radio frequency) devices

certification, 176

low-power devices, 175

noise and interference, 175

PC 97 requirements, 172, 175–76

pointing devices, 188

protocol information contact address, 175

RF remote control devices, 81–82, 174, 175, 183, 188

typical uses, 175–76

updates, support, and standards, 188

RF field interference in hearing aids, 356

RGB mode rasterization, 208–9

ribbon cables, 129, 132

right- and left-handed users, 359

ringing cadences for modems, 283

RISC-based systems

ARC routines and devices, 12

CPU requirements, 23

RISC-based systems (continued)

defined, xx

PC 97 design issues, 11–13

PowerPCs, xx

running Windows NT, 11–13

Workstation PC 97 systems, 59

RM (Resource Management) cells, 302

Rockwell ADPCM, 278

Rockwell AT#V, 277

ROM

mapping multiple adapters or monitors, 205

option ROMs (see option ROMs)

scanning during boot process, 123

rotational speeds (storage devices), 67

rudder pedals. See joysticks and steering devices

run-time functions, 32


S


S4 "soft off" state, 24

sampling density (DVD playback), 230

sampling rates

Advanced audio standards, 245

baseline audio, 243, 244

SAR (Segmentation and Re-Assembly) chips, 302

satellite broadcast systems, 83

scaling and interpolation (graphics adapters), 203

SCAM (SCSI Configured Automatically), 384

scan codes

pointing devices, 187

PS/2-style keyboards, 190

scan lines (graphics adapters), 206

scanners

checklist, 328–29

device drivers and installation, 326–27

ICC color matching, 322

IEEE 1394 requirements, 324

overview, 322

parallel port requirements, 324–25

Plug and Play requirements, 325

port labels and icons, 322

power management, 326

references, 327

SCSI requirements, 323

serial port requirements, 324

USB requirements, 323

Win32 Imaging Class, 101

scanning ROMs during boot process, 123

scan rates

display monitors, 234

graphics adapters, 201

SCART sockets, 213

SCART standard, 213

scatter/gather capabilities in VDS, 139

screen displays (monitors). See display monitors

screen displays (system startup), 27

screen door transparency, 210

screen size (virtual desktop), 219

SCSI-2 specifications

bus parity signals, 142

multisession CD-ROM support, 262

SCSI-2 alternative-2 terminators, 139

Small Computer Interface (SCSI-2), 143

SCSI-3 Multimedia Command Set (MMC), 102

SCSI-3 parallel interface (SPI)

cable requirements, 142

defined, 384

DIFFSENS, 139

IEEE 1394 support, 102

SCSI-3 SPI terminators, 139

Small Computer Interface (SCSI-3) Parallel Interface (SPI), 143, 266

SCSI-3 Serial Bus Protocol, 102

SCSI adapters and peripherals

automatic termination, 139, 143

bus mastering, 138

bus parity signal, 142

cable requirements, 142

checklist, 144–45

defined, 384

device IDs, 140, 335, 346

differential devices, 139

high-density connectors, 143

icons, 139, 331

IDE and SCSI Interface Specifications, 266

internal termination, 139, 142

Media Status Notification Specification for SCSI and ATAPI Devices, 143

overview, 138

Plug and Play requirements, 140–41

Plug and Play SCSI Specification v. 1.0, 140, 143

power management, 141–42

references, 143

resource configuration, 141

scanners and digital cameras, 323

Small Computer Interface (SCSI-2), 266

spin-down recovery, 142

storage device requirements, 68

terminator power (TERMPWR), 140

virtual DMA services (VDS), 139

SCSI Configured Automatically (SCAM), 384

SD DVCR data, 101

SDRC, 66

sealed case PCs, 8–9, 77

Segmentation and Re-Assembly (SAR) chips, 302

seizure disorders, 351, 353

self-powered device requirements, 99–100

send buffers (network adapters), 296

send identifier codes, 187, 190

sensing

ATM adapters, 301

cable sense, 296, 297, 300, 301

dynamic detection, 381

hardware recognizer (Ntdetect), 12

ISDN devices, 297

network adapters, 296, 305, 306

option ROMs, 123

TV hardware connections, 214

Windows NT detection DLL, 305

Serial IDs (system devices), 122

serializing channel I/O, 128

SerialKeys software, 357, 358

Serial Number fields, 39, 121, 248

serial ports and devices

automatic device configuration, 167–68

Basic PC 97 and mobile systems, 40, 47

checklist, 177–79

conflict resolution, 165

connection requirements, 164

device drivers and installation, 166

device IDs, 10, 338

dynamic disable capabilities, 167–68

Entertainment PC 97 systems, 82

icons, 332

legacy port requirements, 167–68

PC 97 design requirements, 167–68

Plug and Play requirements, 165

power management, 166

references, 176

resource allocation, 167–68

scanners and digital cameras, 324

serial ports as ISA devices, 118

Standard Serial Interface Circuit Emulation, 168

Workstation PC 97 systems, 64

servers

operation and maintenance support, 302

VPI and VCI ranges, 301

serviceability in PC design, 16

SET FEATURES command, 126

SFF (Small Form Factor) documents

obtaining documents, 134, 266

SFF 8020i, 128, 129, 131, 132, 133, 134

SFF 8020i v. 2.6, 263

SFF 8020i v. 3.0, 264

SFF 8038i, 129, 134

shading

flat shading, 208

Gouraud shading, 208

shaded triangle performance, 66

S (slave) hard disk setting, 262

sharing

IRQs (see IRQ sharing)

writable PCI Configuration Space bits, 108

Short Messaging Services (SMS), 273, 286

shrouded connectors, 34

sight impairments, 351

signaling interrupts. See interrupt signals

signal-to-noise ratios, 244

silence. See noise requirements

Simply Interactive Personal Computer initiative. See SIPC initiative

simultaneous voice/data integration, 83

SIPC initiative, 7–9, 75. See also living room PCs

SIR (serial infrared) specification, 176

size of controls and buttons, 358

slave devices

CSEL support, 132

hard disk configuration, 262

IDE/ATAPI devices, 129

Sleeping state, 24, 25

SlowKeys feature, 358

Small Computer Interface (SCSI-2), 143

Small Computer Interface (SCSI-2), 266

Small Computer Interface (SCSI-3) Parallel Interface (SPI), 139, 142, 143, 266

small computer system interface. See SCSI adapters and peripherals

Small Form Factor documents. See SFF (Small Form Factor) documents

SMART cards, 83

SMART commands, 132

SMART IOCTL API specification, 132, 134

Smartvsd.vxd, 132

SMS (Short Messaging Services), 273, 286

S/N ratios, 244

socket controllers for PC Cards, 149–51

Socket Services driver (Socketsv.vxd), 150

SoftImage, 66

Soft Power_On and Self Power_Shutdown functions, 100

software and utilities. See also device drivers; operating systems

accessibility guidelines, 349, 352

accessibility utilities, 352

copy protection, 265

device applications testing, 228

Dtpl.exe, 159

Gdi.exe, 218

graphics adapter driver compatibility, 218

Mmsystem.dll, 218

software and utilities (continued)

OnNow requirements, 17

Pci.exe utility, 111

Pci.vxd, 151

port monitor software, 316

power state changes, 16

scanner and digital camera driver requirements, 327

SerialKeys software, 357, 358

SlowKeys feature, 358

StickyKeys utility, 357, 358

storage components, 259

User.exe, 218

software development kits (SDKs), xxi

Sonet frames, 302

Sony/Philips CD-ROM hardware logo program, 265

Sony ReadTOC method, 262

sound and hearing impairments, 351

Sound Blaster pin-out compatibility, 193

Sound Blaster register, 249

sound devices. See audio components

source alpha blending, 209

south bridge multifunction devices, 127

speakerphones, 83, 277–78

speakers, 354, 367

special needs. See accessibility guidelines

Specification for Cable Power Distribution, 99

specifications, obtaining. See references

Specifications for Consumer-Use Digital VCRs Using 6.3mm Magnetic Tape (Blue Book), 101

speech impairments, 351

speech recognition software, 354

speed

data modems, 274

IR device input speed, 173

ports for ISDN devices, 298

speed traps in bus bandwidth, 98

SPEED_MAP register, 103

SPI. See SCSI-3 Parallel Interface (SPI)

spin up and spin down

hard drive spin-up times, 262

SCSI peripheral spin down, 142

spin down defined, 384

splash screens, 27

spoofing IDs, 103

stability of keyboards, 359

Standard Definition (SD) DVCR data, 101

standards, obtaining. See references

Standard Serial Interface Circuit Emulation, 168

Standard Signaling Method for a Bi-directional Parallel Peripheral Interface for Personal Computers, 313

static resources. See also DMA (direct memory access); interrupt signals; I/O addresses

defined, 384

for standard system devices, 119

Status and Enable (STS/EN) bits, 24

status indicators

accessibility guidelines, 353

Message Waiting indicators, 26, 46

Working and Sleeping states, 26

steering devices. See joysticks and steering devices

stereo in and stereo out port icons, 332

stereo input and output, 243–44, 245

StickyKeys feature, 357, 358

still cameras. See digital cameras

stippled alpha blending, 210

STOP/START UNIT command, 142

storage components. See also CD-ROM devices; DVD devices and playback; floppy disk drives and controllers; hard disk drives and controllers; optical storage devices; removable media devices

accessibility guidelines, 368–70

basic features, 256–57

Basic PC 97 and mobile systems, 44–45

bus mastering, 45, 68, 86

CD-ROM peripherals, 262–63

checklist, 267–69

conflict resolution, 257–58

device drivers and installation, 259–60

DVD devices, 264–65

Entertainment PC 97 systems, 85–86

floppy disk drives and controllers, 260–61

hard disk drives, 261–62

high-performance components, 67

host controllers, 44, 68

installation, 257

I/O addresses, 258

Media Status Notification Specification, 256

optical storage devices, 263

overview, 256–57

partitioned media, 260

Plug and Play requirements, 257–58

power management issues, 258

references, 265–66

Workstation PC 97 systems, 67–68

Storage Device Class, 131, 258

stream synchronization (audio), 246

#STSCHG mechanism, 157

subpicture compositing, 231

SubSystem and SubSystem Vendor IDs

CardBus cards, 156

IDE devices, 130

PCI devices, 111

SVD (simultaneous voice/data) integration, 83

SVGA monitors, sensing, 202

S-Video connectors, 84, 213, 219

S-Video standard, 213

switched WAN cards, 295

switches, power, 26

synchronized audio and video, 224, 230

synchronous access mode (V.80), 275

synchronous HDLC framing, 297

synthesized speech, 352

system ACPI sleep states, 24

system board devices. See system devices

system boards

ACPI design, 17–18

defined, 384

integrated devices, 382

motherboard device IDs, 340

system control interrupts, 24

system devices. See also BIOS; bridges; buses; DMA (Direct memory access); names of specific system devices

ACPI description tables, 24

defined, xx, 22

device IDs, 335, 336–41

fixed resources, 30, 185

fixed Serial IDs, 122

general PC 97 requirements, 29–37

interrupt controllers, 30, 118, 119, 336

ISA-compatible addresses, 37

legacy I/O assignments, 375–78

real-time clocks, 24, 30, 119, 340

timers, 30, 119, 336

system memory, 24, 59, 76

system miniports. See miniports and miniport drivers


T


TAM (telephone answering machines)

Message Waiting indicators, 26

modem support, 272

TAPI (telephony API), 6, 295, 384

TCP/IP, 299, 306

TDD (Telephone Device for the Deaf), 276

TDMA (Time Division Multiplexed Access), 285, 286

tear-free double-buffering, 206

telephone answering, 277

telephone answering machines (TAM)

Message Waiting indicators, 26

modem support, 272

Telephone Device for the Deaf (TDD), 276

telephone lines

audio paths, 278

port icons, 332

telephone lines (continued)

POTS lines, 272

wave-in and wave-out devices, 278

telephones

cordless RF devices, 175

local telset support, 280

port icons, 332

speakerphones, 83, 277–78

telephone wave device compression methods, 285

telephony API (TAPI), 6, 295, 384

television. See TV output

telsets. See telephones

termination

internal SCSI termination, 140, 142

regulated terminators, 139

SCSI automatic termination circuits, 139, 143

terminator power (TERMPWR), 140

TV output, 213

TERMPWR (terminator power), 140

testing

Audio Compatibility Tests (ACT), 243

"Designed for Microsoft Windows" requirements, 3

device drivers, 36

Microsoft testing tools, specifications, and information, xxii, 114

mobile units and docking stations, 48

WHQL (Windows Hardware Quality Labs), 3

Windows Logo Key Testing Software, 190

text

documentation text files, 360

labels, 360

text telephones, 276

texturing

bilinear filtered textures, 209

palettized textures, 210

point-sampled, perspective-correct texturing, 208

trilinear MIP-mapped textures, 209

thermal models, ACPI support for, 25

Thicknet+Twisted cable port icons, 332

TIA communications standards

obtaining, 289

TIA-553, 285

TIA-578-A, 275

TIA-602, 274, 280, 297

TIA-678, 285

TIA-695, 83, 277, 280, 284

TIA IS-95, 285

TIA IS-99, 286

TIA IS-101, 277, 279

TIA IS-135, 286

TIA communications standards (continued)

TIA IS-136, 285

time code reading, 232

Time Division Multiplexed Access (TDMA), 285, 286

timers

device IDs, 336

fixed resources, 30

reserving static resources, 119

tools and information, obtaining. See references

TOPOLOGY_MAP register, 103

TPLLV1_INFO, 152

TP transceivers, sensing, 296

Trace Research and Development Center, 349, 373

trackballs, 79. See also pointing device ports and peripherals

Traffic Management Specification, 302

transceiver types, sensing, 296

Transistor-Transistor Logic level (TTL), 193

transmit clocks, 302

transparency effects, 209–10

transparent blters, 206

triangles

shaded triangle performance, 66

triangle setup, 211

trilinear MIP-mapped textures, 209

TTL (Transistor-Transistor Logic level), 193

tuners for cable TV, 84

tuples. See also CIS (card information structure)

CardBus cards, 156

defined, 384

PC Card 16, 152–54

turning on PCs. See powering systems on and off

TV output, 211–14. See also NTSC systems; PAL systems; TV systems; video components; video playback and output

Basic PC 97 and mobile systems, 43

composite video and S-Video connectors, 213

Entertainment PC 97 systems, 84

flicker filters, 212

NTSC and PAL output, 212

Plug and Play requirements, 214–16

positioning controls, 213

software connection detection, 214

termination, 213

underscan scaling, 212

VGA support, 213

Workstation PC 97 systems, 66

world standards, 211

TV systems

cable TV tuners, 84

digital broadcast satellite subsystems, 83

TV systems (continued)

electronic program guide software, 84

high-resolution TV, 74

HSCDS (High Speed Cable Data Services), 299–301

TV channel remote controls, 81

VBI (vertical blanking interval), 84

World TV and S-Video interface standards, 219

typefaces

documentation, 361

labels, 360

Type F DMA, 248

typing issues in accessibility, 352


U


UARTs (universal asynchronous receiver-transmitters), 167, 385

UDF (Universal Disk Format), 265

UHCI controller implementation standard, 91, 92

underscan scaling, 212

undocking mobile units, 49

unicast packet filtering, 174

Unidriver, 318

Unimodem driver

defined, 385

IMA ADPCM support, 278

modem driver support, 272, 288

Unimodem/V, 83

voice support, 277

unimplemented registers, 121

Unique IDs, 248. See also Global Unique IDs (GUID)

universal asynchronous receiver-transmitters (UARTs), 167, 385

Universal Disk Format (UDF), 265

Universal HCI controller implementation standard, 91, 92

Universal HCI Design Guide for USB, 92

Universal Modem Driver. See Unimodem driver

Universal Printer Driver, 318

universal serial bus. See USB (universal serial buses)

Universal Serial Bus PC Legacy Compatibility Specification, 28, 189

University of Wisconsin Trace Research and Development Center, 349, 373

Updates to PC 97 Hardware Design Guide, xviii

usability. See ease of use

USB (universal serial buses), 89–93. See also USB (universal serial buses) specifications

audio components, 249

basic design requirements, 90–91

Basic PC 97 and mobile systems, 38, 47

BIOS USB keyboard support, 28

checklist, 93

controller requirements, 91

defined, 6, 385

device identifiers, 10

Entertainment PC 97 systems, 79

game pad requirements, 191

modem requirements, 287

overview, 90

peripheral design features, 92

port icons, 90–91, 332

power management, 91–92

printers, 312

references, 92

role in extensibility issues, 9

scanners and digital camera requirements, 323

Workstation PC 97 systems, 62

USB Human Input Device driver, 186

USB-IF Information, 92

USBOn, USBSuspend, or USBOff power states, 91

USB (universal serial buses) specifications

Universal Serial Bus PC Legacy Compatibility Specification, 28

USB Audio Class, 102

USB core specification, 10

USB Device Class Definition for Communication Devices, 168

USB Device Class Specifications, 92

USB Human Input Device class specification, 182

USB Specification, 90, 92

User.exe, 218

UserName PNP field, 324

users. See also accessibility guidelines; ease of use

color-blind users, 361

left- and right-handed users, 359

perceptions of PCs, 7

perceptions of power states, 16

user-servicable parts, 7, 9, 77

user-servicable parts, 7, 9, 77

utilities. See software and utilities


V


V.25, V.8, and V.8bis features. See ITU communications standards

ValidateDesk function export, 219

VBE/DDC, 219

VBI (vertical blanking interval), 84

VCI (Virtual Channel Identifier) range, 301

VDDs (virtual device drivers), 11

VDM (Virtual Device Manager), 11

VDS (virtual DMA services), 139

vendor codes

obtaining PNP vendor code, 333

PC 97 design requirements, 32

Vendor IDs

CardBus cards, 155

ISA devices, 39

obtaining IDs, 121

vendors (IHVs), 382

Vendor Specific Drivers (VSD), 132

vertical blanking interval (VBI), 84

VESA (Video Electronics Standard Association), 385

VESA and Industry Standards and Guidelines for Computer Display Monitor Timing, 219

VESA BIOS Extension Standard / Core Functions 2.0, 219

VESA/VL-buses, 339

VGA BIOS, 215, 217

VGA controllers, 118

VGA destination color keying, 207

VGA graphics standard, 215

VGA mode, 43, 66, 84, 200

VGA monitors. See also display monitors; entertainment monitors; graphics adapters

large-screen VGA monitors, 85

multiple monitor support, 204

refresh rates, 230

sensing, 202

TV-output equipped systems, 213

VGA pixels, 207

VGA registers, 201

VGA resources, disabling, 205

video clocks, 232

video components. See also display monitors; DVD devices and playback; graphics adapters; TV output; video input and capture; video playback and output

checklist, 238–39

conflict resolution and device configuration, 226

DDC2B standard, 225

desktop display monitors, 233–34

device drivers and installation, 227–28

display adapter device IDs, 338–39

video components (continued)

DVD-Video support, 44, 68, 85

entertainment monitors, 234–36

icons, 226

overview, 224

Plug and Play requirements, 226–27

power management, 227

references, 237

video miniport drivers, 13

ZV-compatible cards, 158

video conferencing, 281

video decode performance, 228

video description services, 374

video discs, 231. See also DVD devices and playback

video display memory, 67, 84, 198

Video Electronics Standards Association. See VESA (Video Electronics Standard Association)

video frame rates, 230

video input and capture. See also video components; video playback and output

audio and video clocks, 232

consumer electronics devices, 101

device IDs, 335, 346–47

DirectDraw Live Video Extensions (LVE), 158

Entertainment PC 97 systems, 85

requirements, 232

system requirements, 225

time code reading, 232

wave audio capture, 232

WDM minidrivers, 232

video plane compositing, 207

video playback and output. See also DVD devices and playback; graphics adapters; video components; video input and capture

Basic PC 97 and mobile systems, 43

consumer electronics devices, 101

DirectDraw Live Video Extensions (LVE), 158

DVD playback requirements, 225, 229–31

Entertainment PC 97 systems, 84

Microsoft ActiveMovie, 199

mobile systems, 47

MPEG-1 playback, 44, 67, 84, 225

MPEG-1 playback requirements, 228–29

MPEG device enumeration, 227

NTSC or PAL output, 200

Workstation PC 97 systems, 66

ZV-compatible cards, 158

video telephony and videophones

PSTN Videophones, 279

synchronous access for data modems, 275

video telephony and videophones (continued)

V.8bis call mode signaling, 278

videophone multiplexors, 281

Video Telephony (H.324 suite) recommendations, 273

Virtual Channel Identifier (VCI) range, 301

virtual desktop graphics driver support, 219

virtual device drivers (VDDs), 11

Virtual Device Manager (VDM), 11

virtual DMA services (VDS), 139

virtual key code level compatibility, 190

Virtual Path Identifier (VPI) range, 301

virtual programmable interrupt controller device (VpicD), 121

virtual-reality headgear. See joysticks and steering devices

visual display accessibility guidelines, 351

visual impairments, 351

Visual Message Waiting Indicator Generic Requirements, 280

VMs (virtual machines), xxi

voice and voice/data modems. See also modems

Entertainment PC 97 systems, 82–83

features list, 272–73

real-time wave encoder/decoders, 278

references, 282, 289

speakerphone capabilities, 277–78

telset capabilities, 280

voice/data integration, 281

VoiceView, 282

Voiceband Data Transmission Interface Generic Requirements, 280

voice/data integration, 281, 282

Voice Mode compound responses, 284

Voice Mode in-band responses, 284

VoiceSpan technology, 281

VoiceView technology, 273, 282

VoiceView Tone Detection by Voice Modems, 282

volume controls

accessibility guidelines, 354

remote controls, 81

VpicD (virtual programmable interrupt controller device), 121

VPI (Virtual Path Identifier) range, 301

VSDs (Vendor Specific Drivers), 132

VxDs (device drivers)

card services, 379

defined, 385

device driver requirements, 36

message support, 36

Smartvsd.vxd, 132


W


Wake [CSN] command, 122

Wakeup events

OnNow initiative requirements, 16

power management requirements, 26

Real-Time Clock alarms, 24

Remote Wakeup, 100

WAN cards, 295

warning lights, 353

warning sound visual cues, 354

wave audio capture, 232

wave device compression methods, 285

wave encoders/decoders for modems, 278

wave-in and wave-out phone line devices, 278

WC (write combining memory type) support, 65

WDL (Windows Driver Library) contact address, xxii

WDM (Win32 Driver Model)

audio/video decoded minidrivers, 230

class drivers, 19

device minidrivers, 36

IEEE device command protocols, 100

imaging minidrivers, 225, 232

minidrivers, 19

OnNow requirements, 17

overview, 18–19

role in Plug and Play issues, 9

USB support, 90

Win32 Driver Model DDK, 101

Win32 Driver Model Kit (DDK) for IEEE 1394, 104

Windows 95 and Windows NT, 5–6

WDM white papers and information, 20

Web communication support, 74

White Book format, 263, 264

WHQL (Windows Hardware Quality Labs)

Audio Compatibility Tests (ACT), 243, 251

contact information, xxii

"Designed for Microsoft Windows" requirements, 3

device driver testing, 35

Hardware compatibility tests, 20

mobile unit and docking station testing, 48

testing tools and specifications, 114

Windows Logo Key Testing Software, 190

wide area networks. See WANs

Win32 addresses, 12

Win32 API, 385

Win32 Audio Class, 102

Win32 DDK, 36

Win32 Device Class Interfaces, 100

Win32 Driver Model. See WDM (Win32 Driver Model)

Win32 Driver Model DDK, 101

Win32 Driver Model Kit (DDK) for IEEE 1394, 104

Win32 Imaging Class, 101

Win32 SDK, 36, 104

Win32 TAPI applications, 295

Windows 95. See Microsoft Windows 95

Windows 95 DDK, xxii, 104, 134, 176

Windows 95 Modem Developers Kit (MDK), 289

Windows Driver Library, xxii

Windows Hardware Compatibility List, xxii

Windows Logo keys, 81, 190–91

Windows Logo Key testing software, documentation, and license agreement, 194

Windows NT. See Microsoft Windows NT

Windows NT DDK, xxii, 104, 134, 176

Windows NT file system (NTFS), 383

wire frame performance, 66

wireless components

Basic PC 97 and mobile systems, 41

checklist, 177–79

conflict resolution, 165

connection requirements, 81–82, 164

device drivers and installation, 166

game pads or joysticks, 81

infrared (IR) support, 172–75, 187, 190

keyboard ports and peripherals, 80, 190

PC 97 requirements, 172–76

Plug and Play requirements, 165

pointing devices, 81–82, 187

power management, 166, 173

radio frequency (RF) support, 172, 175–76, 188

references, 176

remote control devices, 81–82, 175, 183, 188

Workstation PC 97 systems, 64

wireline modem features, 273

Working power state, 26

Workstation PC 97 requirements

ACPI support, 24–25, 60

audio, 64, 242, 244, 245–46

boot device BIOS support, 28, 60

bus requirements, 62

checklist, 70–71

CPUs, 59

defined, 4, 385

display monitors, 65, 66, 67, 200, 201

Workstation PC 97 requirements (continued)

engineering systems, 66

general device requirements, 29–37, 61

graphics adapters

2-D and 3-D hardware acceleration, 67, 205–11

bus adapters, 199

hardware stretching, 203

high-performance components, 65

key issues, 198

industrial design requirements, 60

input components, 28, 60, 63, 182–83

I/O device requirements, 63–65

L2 cache, 59

modems, 65, 273, 277–78

network communications, 65, 294, 295

OnNow support, 25–26, 27, 60

operating system installation, 64

optimization for Windows NT Workstation, 58

overview, 58

references, 69

serial, parallel, and wireless connections, 63, 64, 164, 183

storage device requirements, 45, 68

system memory, 59

video components

DVD playback, 68, 229–31, 264

hardware stretching, 229

MPEG-1 playback, 67

NTSC/PAL support, 66, 200

TV output, 212–14

video component requirements, 225–26

World TV and S-Video interface standards, 219

World Wide Web communication support, 74

write combining (WC) memory type support, 65

Writing Accessible HTML Documents, 372

WSS-compatible register, 249


X


x86-based systems

boot device BIOS support, 28

defined, xx

fixed resources, 119

OnNow BIOS support, 27

option ROMs, 31–32, 120

PC 97 design issues, 11–13

running Windows NT, 11–13


Y


Yellow Book format, 263, 264

"Yenta" specification: PCI to PCMCIA CardBus Bridge Register Description, 108, 114, 149, 159

YUV off-screen surfaces, 203, 229


Z


Z-buffer support, 210

ZV (Zoomed-Video) compatible cards, 158